ABSTRACT Active alkali charge is the combined concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) solutions in white liquor. The active alkaline charge in white liquor is useful for degrading lignin and other compounds (extractive) in wood and dissolving simple sugar groups that are still united in the pulp. This study aims to determine the effect of active alkaline charge on yi…
ABSTRACT World paper consumption increases every year. Currently, the world's need for paper is around 394 million tons, the growth in world paper demand is estimated to grow by an average of 2.1 percent per year so that the paper industry is required to produce paper in accordance with production targets and meet the paper quality set by Riau Andalan Kertas (RAK) technical. One way to achieve…
ABSTRACT The cooking process of pulp can be considered successful if the desired kappa target is achieved. There has been technological change in the pulp making process, particularly in the cooking process which includes a shift from using a super batch digester to continuous digester, requiring a reassessment of each cooking parameter that affect kappa number. Through this research, the infl…
ABSTRACT This content can have a bad impact on the evaporator, which can cause scale. The purpose of observation from this final project is to determine the effect of the amount of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) in the intermediate black liquor (IBL) on running time, and determine the optimal running time on evaporator #3. In the evaporator, running time is the period of time when the evaporator un…
ABSTRACT One of the departments under the auspices of Riau Prima Energi's business unit is the Power Side Water Treatment Plant division. Soft Water in Fiberline is used as dilution in bleaching process. The quality of Soft Water parameters (total hardness) must be maintained because the content of Ca and Mg will affect the next process. The regeneration process in Soft Water is carried out by…
ABSTRACT Water Treatment Plant is a department that functions to provide process water and raw materials for boiler feed water sourced from the Kampar river. Raw water from the water intake is pumped to the water treatment plant. In the water treatment process, one of the water quality parameters that must be considered is turbidity. PT. RAPP maintains a quality standard target with a maximum …
ABSTRACT In the pulp and paper industry, the recovery boiler is an important part that has a role in reducing the amount of waste and producing energy. The recovery boiler is used to burn waste material (black liquor) into ash and produce steam which will be used as the main energy. Total firing liquor and solid heavy black liquor (HBL) are factors that influence in recovery boilers. The main …
ABSTRACT PT RAPP reuses weak black liquor obtained from the pulping process with the kraft pulp method which produces residual chemicals and substances dissolved in solution in the form of a liquid called black liquor in the digester and has a concentration of 15 - 18%total solids. In order for the organic content to be burned in the recovery boiler, the weak black liquor is concentrated up to…
ABSTRACT In the world industry, to move a liquid material from one place to another, a pump is used, so the pump plays a very important role. A pump is a machine/equipment used to lift liquids from a lower surface to a higher surface or move liquids from a place of low pressure to a place of higher pressure. At PT. RAPP, in the water treatment plant (WTP) unit, has 2 PAC Pumps where one pu…
ABSTRACT Flow bio-sludge to mixing tank is the sludge flow from bio-sludge that will be transferred into the mixing tank to be processed into sludge cake, which will be used as fuel in the power boiler. The dewatering process uses a screw press, where the parameters involved are speed, torque, and feed flow. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of flow bio-sludge and screw press…
ABSTRACT An analysis of the effect of filler ratio and ash content on calipers has been carried out on several paper grades. This final project aims to determine the impacts of filler ratio and ash content on several paper grades to increase the runnability of paper machines in producing these grades. This caliper or thickness measures the thickness of a sheet of paper in micrometer units (μm…
Dimethyl Ether (DME) is the simplest ether compound in the form of a colorless gas. Dimethyl ether has similar properties to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) so it can be used as a new energy source. The main raw materials for the manufacture of dimethyl ether are methanol and catalyst support material Alumina (Al2O3). The process used in the dimethyl ether plant is an indirect synthesis pro…
Dimethyl Ether (DME) is the simplest ether compound in the form of a colorless gas. Dimethyl ether has similar properties to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) so it can be used as a new energy source. The main raw materials for the manufacture of dimethyl ether are methanol and catalyst support material Alumina (Al2O3). The process used in the dimethyl ether plant is an indirect synthesis…
ABSTRACT Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol or sugar alcohol with the formula C5H12O5 which is also often referred to as wood sugar and can be found in fruits, vegetables, mosses, and mushrooms. Xylitol is a sweetener that is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Xylitol has also been commercially utilized in the health sector. This causes the need for xylitol as…
ABSTRACT Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is one type of synthetic plastic that is nonbidegradable or cannot be degraded by microorganisms. Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is needed as a raw material for the manufacture of plastic food and beverage packaging. The need for LDPE increases along with the increase in the capacity of food and beverage wrapping plastic factories. National Low Den…
ABSTRACT Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is one type of synthetic plastic that is nonbidegradable or cannot be degraded by microorganisms. Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is needed as a raw material for the manufacture of plastic food and beverage packaging. The need for LDPE increases along with the increase in the capacity of food and beverage wrapping plastic factories. National Low Den…
ABSTRACT Phthalic anhydride or 1,3-Isobenzofurandione is an organic compound with the chemical formula C8H4O3 which can be obtained from the oxidation process of orthoxylene and air. Phthalic anhydride (C8H4O3) is a chemical compound in the form of white crystals with a musty odor. Phthalic anhydride is an intermediate substance that is widely used in the production of plastics and vinyl chlor…
ABSTRACT Phthalic anhydride is a synthetic organic compound that can be obtained from the oxidation process of orthoxylene and air. Phthalic anhydride is used as a raw material for making DOP (dioctyl phthalate) which is widely used as a softener or plasticizer used in the manufacture of PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), synthetic leather, and so on. Phthalic anhydride is also useful in the manufactur…
ABSTRACT Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol or sugar alcohol with the formula C5H12O5 which is also often referred to as wood sugar and can be found in fruits, vegetables, mosses, and mushrooms. Xylitol is a sweetener that is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Xylitol has also been commercially utilized in the health sector. This causes the need for xylito…
ABSTRACT Methyl salicylate (C8H8O3) or oil of wintergreen is an organic compound in the ester group in the form of a colorless liquid which has little solubility in water. Methyl salicylate has uses in various industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, methyl salicylate is used as an active ingredient in drug formulations to take advantage of its analgesic effect and as a warming ointment or …