ABSTRACT Asphalt mixtures in Indonesia consist of three types, Asphalt Concrete (AC), Hot Rolled Sheet (HRS), and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA). The main difference among these mixtures lies in the aggregate gradation. Generally, asphalt roads are constructed using Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), which produces relatively high CO₂ emissions during the heating process, contributing to ozone layer depleti…
ABSTRACT Propylene glycol is one of the organic compounds commonly used as a food preservatives, cosmetic raw materials, wetting agents for chewing gum, monomer in the synthesis of polyester, and anti-freeze liquids. The demand for propylene glycol is increasing along with the development of the industry, especially the cosmetics and textile industries. The market value of propylene glycol glo…
ABSTRACT Indonesia has exported ten shipments of acetophenone through three suppliers to several countries, including China, Japan, and Singapore. However, since domestic production is still insufficient to meet demand, Indonesia still needs to import acetophenone from several countries. This situation presents a significant opportunity to establish a plant to meet domestic demand while compet…
ABSTRAC Indonesia still imports from various countries due to domestic supply shortages. The global acetophenone market was valued at US$ 219 million in 2021 and is expected to grow rapidly from 2022 to 2032. This situation presents a significant opportunity to establish a factory to meet domestic demand and compete with international producers from China, India, and Germany. The demand for ac…
ABSTRACT Methanol is the simplest form of alcohol with the chemical formula CH3OH. Methanol is a colorless, volatile, flammable and poisonous liquid with a special odor. Methanol is an intermediate compound that is used as a raw material for various industries, including the acetic acid, formaldehyde, MTBE, polyvinyl, polyester and DME industries. The Davy-Johnson Matthey process technology is…
ABSTRACT Ammonia is a raw material in fertilizer production. Ammonia is produced by reacting synthesis gas containing H2 and N2 with a ratio of 3: 1. Synthesis gas contains inert gases that do not react such as Argon, in addition to H2 and N2. H2 gas comes from hydrocarbons found in natural gas and N2 gas from free air. Natural gas used as raw material for production before being processed int…
Abstract The acrolein factory is designed with a production capacity of 30,000 tons/year. The raw materials used are propene and oxygen with the help of a bismuth-molybdate catalyst through an oxidation reaction. The oxidation reaction produces acrolein as the main product and acrylic acid as a side product. The average import of acrolein in Indonesia is 38.000 ton/year (BPS, 2023), it is …
ABSTRACT Rhizome plants are spices widely used by Indonesian people as cooking ingredients or traditional medicine. These plants have similar appearances, making them difficult to distinguish for some people. Errors in identifying rhizome plants can lead to poisoning, allergies, or unwanted side effects. To simplify identifying these plants, a system is needed to detect and differentiate types…
ABSTRACT Groundwater is an important source of clean water for the community. However, groundwater can easily be polluted, especially in areas near the Final Disposal Site (TPA), such as the Muara Fajar TPA in Pekanbaru. This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater around the Muara Fajar landfill by measuring several physical and chemical parameters. Water samples were taken from se…
ABSTRACT The high production of petroleum increases the potential for soil pollution due to petroleum spills. Petroleum consists of petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) compounds that can be detrimental to the environment. Bioremediation is the most suitable technique to remove petroleum contaminants. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain the optimum composition of biostimulants through biostimulation w…
ABSTRAK Activated carbon has been widely used to remove organic and inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater. The use of activated carbon as an adsorbent in the adsorption process will produce saturated adsorbents which when they reach their maximum adsorption capacity will cause a decrease in adsorption effectiveness, so that the adsorbent is no longer able to absorb pollutants/ contami…
ABSTRACT Polyethylene waste is one of the plastic wastes that can be utilized in the construction industry. This research aims to study the use of polyethylene waste as a substitute for sand in the mixture for making paving blocks. The quality of paving blocks is determined by compressive strength testing. This research was designed with a mixture ratio of polyethylene, namely 5%, 10%, 15%…
ABSTRACT Oxalic acid has various industrial applications, including textile dyeing, iron coating (rust prevention), electrolytes, cork bleaching, cobalt production, agrochemical raw materials, pharmaceuticals, and more. The establishment of an oxalic acid plant aims to meet domestic demand and enhance Indonesia's capability as an exporter. The production process involves glucose oxidation usin…
ABSTRACT SMAN 3 Tualang is one of the public senior high schools located in the Siak Regency, specifically in the Tualang District, with an address on AMD Street, Pinang Sebatang Timur, Riau Province. The library at SMAN 3 Tualang has not yet been properly managed, with data management still being conducted manually. This includes the recording of book loans and returns as well as fine managem…
ABSTRACT In the electric power distribution system, not all power can be utilized optimally by consumers due to power losses caused by technical and non-technical disturbances. The methods used in this study include primary and secondary data collection, line impedance calculations, and analysis of factors that cause power losses. The results of this study are expected to provide recommend…
ABSTRACT The quality of electrical power is highly influenced by the voltage stability in distribution systems. One of the most common power quality disturbances is voltage sag, which is a short-term reduction in voltage typically caused by sudden load changes. This voltage drop can negatively affect the performance of electrical equipment, especially sensitive devices. This study aims to simu…
ABSTRAK The grounding system is an important part of the electricity distribution network that functions to protect equipment and humans from electrical disturbances due to insulation failure or overvoltage. Good grounding allows the fault current to be channeled to the ground efficiently, thereby reducing the risk of electrical accidents and equipment damage. The grounding resistance value is…
ABSTRAK An inverter is a device that functions to convert direct current (DC) voltage into alternating current (AC) voltage. This study aims to design and test a 12V DC to 220V AC inverter system using an Arduino microcontroller as a PWM signal generator. The circuit consists of several main components: Arduino, optocoupler for signal isolation, MOSFET as an electronic switch, and a transforme…
ABSTRACT Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is an electrical device to control electrical sources switching from the main source to the backup source or otherwise. With this device theres no need for an operator to manually control the device. The control implements Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as a controller of an ATS circuit that will work to switch between the main source and the backu…
ABSTRACK Awal Bros Panam Hospital in Pekanbaru City is a healthcare provider serving the public. To supportits medical services, parking demand and facilities play acritical role and must be properly addressed. There are several identified issues, including vehicles parking outside the designated hospital premises and the absence of parking space markings in certain areas. These issues may sig…