CD Disertasi

Strategi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Ekowisata Mangrove Berkelanjutan Di Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau

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Background and Research Objectives. Tourism is an important sector in
Indonesia, the second largest foreign exchange earner after oil and gas. The
natural beauty and richness of Indonesian culture, which are of high value, can be
developed into an object of tourist visits. Indonesia has about 3 million hectares of
mangrove forest and in Siak district an area of 1,415,693 ha. Mangrove forests
can be managed into mangrove ecotourism, especially since the current tourism
trend is turning to nature tourism. Siak Regency is the sixth largest district in Riau
Province which has tourism potential that has not been explored and managed
optimally. One of the sub-districts in Siak district is Sungai Apit District which
has 4 (four) mangrove ecotourism that has not been managed optimally, namely:
(1) Mengapan mangrove ecotourism covering an area of 50 ha opened in 2014;
(2) Rawa Mekar Jaya mangrove ecotourism covering an area of 25 ha and opened
in 2016; (3) Ecotourism of the Sungai Rawa mangroves covering an area of 182
ha opened in 2017; and (4) Historic River mangrove ecotourism covering an
area of 25 ha opened in 2019.
Based on the survey, showing that in the Sungai Rawa mangrove ecotourism area,
it can be seen that the management of ecotourism still has many weaknesses. This
can be seen from the lack of maintenance on existing facilities such as the
entrance gate is no longer there, many tracks are damaged, the tower is no longer
suitable to be climbed and garbage is scattered (especially unused wood waste).
On the other hand, this area has biodiversity. In the mangrove ecotourism area of
Rawa Mekar Jaya, there are various ecotourism facilities, including an educational
center, tree houses, fishing spots, selfies and so on. Based on the survey, it was
found that many facilities were starting to break down, because they were not
managed properly. The ecotourism facilities at Taman Berembang have minimal
facilities, only an overpass, a place for selfies and fishing. The problems faced in
general are improper management and limited infrastructure. Ecotourism
management must involve all stakeholders, to play an active role so that
sustainable mangrove ecotourism can be achieved. The purpose of the study was
to analyze the existing conditions, potential, attractiveness, activities, ecotourism
management policies and determine the policy strategy for sustainable mangrove
ecotourism management in Siak Regency, Riau Province.
Research methods. The research uses a mixed method, which associates
qualitative and quantitative forms in one study. Ecological data (type and density
of mangroves) are quantitative data, as are community participation data for the
sustainability of mangrove ecotourism, community and visitor perceptions of the
benefits of mangrove ecotourism. While the local wisdom of the community in
maintaining the mangrove ecosystem is qualitative data. Economic data for
Willingness to Pay, the number of visitors and the amount of income are
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quantitative data. For job opportunities are qualitative data. Potential data,
attractions and activities in the mangrove ecotourism area in Siak Regency. For
data on potential, attractiveness and ecotourism activities, some are quantitative
data and some are qualitative data. Furthermore, accessibility and ancilliary are
quantitative data. Data on the management of mangrove ecotourism areas in Siak
Regency, with the stages of collecting secondary data and primary data being
analyzed using content analysis, is qualitative data. To formulate a policy strategy
for managing sustainable mangrove ecotourism areas in Siak Regency, a SWOT
analysis is used which is qualitative data. While AHP (Analytical Hierarchy
Process) and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) to obtain
the right strategies and priorities, is quantitative data. This research was carried
out in three mangrove ecotourism areas in the following locations: Rawa Mekar
Jaya mangrove ecotourism in Rawa Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Rawa mangrove
ecotourism in Sungai Rawa Village, Sungai Apit District and Taman Berembang
mangrove ecotourism in Suak Merambai Village, Bunga Raya District, Siak
Regency, Riau Province. . The time of the research began from July 2019 to
January 2021. The population and sample in this study were stakeholders related
to the mangrove ecotourism of Rawa Mekar Jaya and Sungai Rawa in Sungai Apit
District and Taman Berembang ecotourism in the Bunga Raya sub-district, Siak
Regency, Riau Province. Stakeholders of tourism activities include: Tourism
Office of Siak Regency, Sub-District of Sungai Apit, Penghulu Village (River
Rawa Village, Rawa Mekar Jaya and Suak Merambai), restaurant/lodging/travel
agency managers, ecotourism managers, Universities (UNRI), Non-Governmental
Organizations Community (Insani Partners), national tourists and
local/international communities. In addition, 9 experts were added to fill out the
AHP questionnaire, so the total sample was 55 people.
Results and Discussion. There are 17 types of mangrove mangroves in Rawa
Mekar Jaya, Sungai Rawa and Taman Berembang 6 types of mangroves with a
mangrove density level with a dense category. The willingness to pay of the
community is high, but the willingness to pay is in the low category (Rp. 5,000-
Rp. 10,000). employment in the mangrove ecotourism of Rawa Mekar Jaya as
many as 38 people, Sungai Rawa 15 people and Taman Berembang as many as 19
people. The number of visits to the mangrove ecotourism of Rawa Mekar Jaya is
in the low category. Rawa River with low category and Developing Park with
medium category. For the total ecotourism income during 2019, Rawa Mekar Jaya
is Rp. 9,275,000, Rawa River Rp. 17,600,000 and Developing Parks for
53,740,000. for community participation in the sustainability of mangrove
ecotourism, Rawa Mekar Jaya with a high category, Rawa River in a high
category and Taman Berembang with a low category. The community stated that
mangrove ecotourism was beneficial. Rawa Mekar Jaya's local wisdom is not to
burn land and not to kill wildlife. Communities on the River Swamp, has a special
place for taking enough mangrove wood. Mangrove ecotourism potential in three
locations with very high and high categories. As well as attractions with very
attractive and attractive categories, with adequate and inadequate amenities in
Taman Berembang. For accessibility in the medium category because the distance
from the capital to the ecotourism location is approximately 130 km with a
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combat time of about 3,5 - 4 hours. All mangrove ecotourism has a manager.
Activities that visitors can do in the ecotourism area are photography, fishing,
forest walks and education about mangrove nurseries. Mangrove Ecotourism
Management Policy in Siak Regency, Riau Province is regulated based on; (1)
Law Number 10 of 2009 concerning Tourism; (2) Law Number 41 of 1999
concerning Forestry; (3) Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 33
of 2009 concerning Guidelines for Ecotourism Development in the Regions; (4)
Siak Regency Regional Regulation Number 12 of 2012 concerning the Master
Plan for Regional Tourism Development of Siak Regency; and (5) the Village
Head's Decision regarding the Establishment of a Tourism Awareness Group.
Conclusion. Based on the A'WOT analysis, the policy strategies for managing
mangrove ecotourism in Siak district: (1) open opportunities for investors to
develop ecotourism; (2) improving facilities and infrastructure; (3) provide
training on businesses related to ecotourism; (4) increase ecotourism promotion;
(5) establish cooperation between stakeholders and (6) provide land for taking
mangrove trees for firewood (local wisdom).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1510348466

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Disertasi Ilmu Lingkungan., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1510348466

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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