CD Disertasi

Strategi Pengelolaan Potensi Bioculture Suku Duanu Di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

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Riau Province is a province that is geographically located on the island of
Sumatra and has various demographic conditions ranging from ethnicity,
religion and beliefs. Riau Province is also an area rich in culture born of various
ethnic groups, including the Javanese (25.05%), Minangkabau (11.26%), Batak
(7.31%), Banjar (3.78%), Chinese (3.72%), and Bugis (2.27%) with the Malays
being the largest community with a total of 37.74% of the entire population of
Riau. With the diversity of ethnic groups and maritime potential that is capable,
Riau Province is still classified as one of the provinces that maintains customs
by still implementing various local wisdoms in it, including the seatribe
community on the coast whichis also called the Duanu Tribe, in this case the
Duanu Tribe in Indragiri Hilir Regency. The Duanutribe in Indragiri Hilir
Regency has not as a whole been touched by modern society so that
modernization, especially in terms of management of the results of carving, has
resulted in a high poverty rate within the Duanu Tribe community.
The principles of local wisdom of the Duanu Tribe community in Indragiri Hilir
Regency adhere to the heritage of natural resources and the environment which
makes the culture of shell-hooking activities. Menongkah is a form of social
reality where it is from this activity that the Duanu people survive. Menongkah
is an activity of catching clams on muddy ground by using a board nicknamed
"stick", the use of a stick is assisted by one leg as a paddle. Tongkah boards
have an average length of 2 m - 2.5 m, a width of 50 cm - 80 cm and a thickness
of 3-5 cm. Menongkah time is carried out between 04.00-14.00 WIB when the
beach surface is full of mud during low tide.
xv
There are 17 locations that are counted by the local community as areas for
catching shellfish, namely the sea of mud in the Bidari River, Big River, Small
River, Bear River, Bukit River, Sungai Laut Village, Gamak Kecil River,
Gamak Besar River, Temiang Kecil River, Sungai Temiang Besar, Menteli
River, Lada River, Barogong River, Keramat River, and Sungai Buluh Village.
Based on initial observations made by researchers in the Duanu Tribe
community in Indragiri Hilir Regency, shoveling shells is the work of the
majority community and is a daily activity. The Duanu people live a nomadic
life following the shellfish harvest season. The migration pattern of the Duanu
people in Indragiri Hilir Regency is following the tidal season. They move from
one island to another in canoes measuring 5 x 1.5 meters using an awning roof
(a type of pandanus) for their huts. The wooden canoe they call pompon is only
propelled by 2 long oars. Over time, the Duanu tribe began to settle in coastal
areas and slowly visited the community to interact (Basir, 2017) in a month
banging shells can only be done about 20 times.
Local wisdom is stated as an activity that has existed since ancient times, from
prehistoric times to the present, which can also be linked to environmental
wisdom as positive human behavior in dealing with nature and the surrounding
environment. This behavior can originate from religious values, customs,
ancestors or local culture (Wietoler, 2007). Local wisdom owned by the Duanu
tribe in Indragiri Hilir Regency originates from customs based on local
environmental ecology. Through an ecological approach, the reciprocal
relationship between humans and the environment will affect the pattern of
development of a region and that community. The Duanu people know that the
moon rises and falls which is also a reference for buying clams, because they
believe buying shells when the moon rises, the contents of the shells will be
large, conversely if they are bought during the decreasing moon, the contents of
the dominant shells will be smaller.
xvi
The Duanu tribe is one of the local communities who live in the Indragiri Hilir
Regency, Riau Province. Socio-culturally there are three indigenous
communities in Riau Province, they are known by the nicknames Orang Laut,
Orang Dalaman, and Orang Hutan. The nickname that refers to the indigenous
people, refers to the geographical location where they live. There are three
geographical areas for local communities in Riau, namely local communities
living in the interior (Sakai, Patalangan, and Bonai), local communities living
on the coast and islands (Akit, or Orang Asli) and local communities living in
the estuaries and estuaries and straits (Duanu, and manggar), (Sujianto, 2003:
60).
The Duanu tribe in Indragiri Hilir is more familiar to the public with the
nickname "Orang Laut", which is a nickname given by Malays to people or
communities who inhabit sea areas such as in boats or living on sea coasts,
straits and river estuaries. Because the area where he lives is directly adjacent to
rivers and the sea, the majority of his livelihood is as a fisherman catching fish,
shrimp and shellfish. Being fishermen and spending their lives at sea makes the
Duanu very proficient in matters relating to the sea (Benjamin and Chou, 2002:
297). The Duanu Tribe community in Indragiri Hilir Regency is spread over
seven sub-districts and thirteen villages including:
(1) Kateman District, the Duanu tribe is found living in Kuala Selat Village and
Bandar Sri Gemilang sub-district
(2) Mandah District in Bekawan Village and Belaras Village
(3) Concong District in Concong Luar Village and Panglima Raja Village
(4) Kuala Indragiri District in Perigi Raja Village and Sungai Bela Village
(5) Tanah Merah District in Tanah Merah Village, Tanjung Pasir Village and
Sungai Laut Village
(6) Sungai Batang District in Kuala Patah Parang Village
(7) Reteh District in Pulau Ruku Village
xvii
The Duanu tribe community is categorized as a low-income community which
is also because the Duanu people have not been touched by modernization with
various factors causing the strong cultural values upheld by the Duanu tribe so
that development has not been evenly distributed including the development of
information technology infrastructure. The use of increasingly sophisticated
information technology requires people to think critically to be able to use it to
facilitate various jobs. The use of information technology and local wisdom is a
form of problem solving (problem solving) faced by the Duanu people in
Indragiri Hilir Regency.
In addition, the authors also identify biological aspects of the culture of the
Duanu people in Indragiri Hilir Regency. It is hoped that biological and cultural
aspects or what is also known as bioculture can be compared with the local
wisdom of the Duanu people in Indragiri Hilir Regency so that they can solve
problems, especially in the economic, social and environmental fields.
The Duanu tribe is classified as creative and independent. If properly
empowered, it will become one of the drivers for advancing the economy,
especially the development of the creative, social and environmental economy.
The phenomenon that is currently being faced is that the people of the
Duanutribe have not been touched by modernization, especially in terms of
managing the yields of carving. Looking at the increasingly dynamic
development of technology, referring to the digital era which has fundamentally
changed all aspects, be it industry, economy, environment and government.
However, it is different from the consistency of the Duanu people who still
want to maintain a very traditional way of working. The absence of reforms in
terms of marine product management for the Duanu people will have an impact
on low income which leads to poverty. Apart from being caused by the people's
unwillingness to follow modernization, the decline in the yield of shell
shoveling is also caused by the narrowing of the land for pushing shells.
xviii
The consistency of the Duanu Tribe community in Indragiri Hilir Regency in
managing the results of menongkah to how they maintain local wisdom in
menongkah activities is a challenge if they want to implement new things in
their lives. It is hoped that the bioculture approach will change the pattern of
behavior of the Duanu people to explore potential, participate in the use of
information technology without having to eliminate the side of local wisdom as
a form of balance in the economy, ecology and social. This suggestion is in
accordance with the results of Pujiwiyana's research (2010) which states that the
use of information technology is able to shape the capabilities of modern
society based on local wisdom. Therefore it is necessary to have a management
strategy with a bioculture approach whose output is a new way of processing
the results of shellfish so that it can increase the community's economy, have
good environmental management and continue to uphold cultural values and
local wisdom of the Duanu people in Indragiri Hilir Regency.
This study aims to analyze geographical and demographic conditions, both
environmental conditions, social conditions, income and strategies form an
aging bioculture potential based on local wisdom of the Duanu Tribe, Indragiri
Hilir Regency. From the results carried out, it was concluded that the results of
the identification of internal strategic factors form an aging bioculture potential
with local wisdom-based empowerment of the Duanu tribal community,
Tanjung Pasir Village, Indragiri Regency, consisted of 5 strength factors, the
results of identification of external strategic factors form an aging bioculture
potential with wisdom-based empowerment The local Duanu tribe community,
Tanjung Pasir Village, Indragiri Regency consists of 4 opportunity factors, and
the strategy form an aging the bioculture potential of the Duanu tribe
community consists of 4 strategies, namely Strength and Opportunity (SO),
Weakness and Opportunity (WO), Strength and Threat (ST) and Weakness and
Threats (WT).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1710346785

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Disertasi Ilmu Lingkungan., 2023

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1710346785

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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