Methyl Methacrylate is a chemical with organic components for leather coatings, the cosmetics industry, the paint industry, the household equipment industry, the polymer industry and for other industries. The manufacture of Methyl Methacrylate at this factory uses the Direct Oxidative Esterification process. This factory is planned to operate for 330 days per year and work continuously 24 hours…
Vinyl chloride is commonly produced as an ingredient for polymers, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The purpose of establishing a vinyl chloride plant is to increase domestic production capacity and build Indonesia's ability to become an exporter. Vinyl chloride is produced through a direct chlorination process with ethane and chlorine as the main raw materials. The process takes place in a…
Ethyl benzene is a single-ringed aromatic alkyl organic compound. These aromatic hydrocarbon compounds are important compounds in the petrochemical industry as intermediate compounds in producing styrene. Ethyl benzene is also used to make other chemicals, namely as a solvent in ink, adhesive rubber, varnish and paint. The need for ethyl benzene, both domestic and foreign, increases every year.…
The need for caprolactam is increasing every year, while the availability of caprolactam in the country is non-existent. Until now, the need for caprolactam in Indonesia is met by importing it from other countries, such as China, Japan, India, Hong Kong and the United States. Over the last four years, imports of caprolactam have been relatively large, namely around 29,000 tons to 35,000 tons pe…
Caprolactam is one of the petrochemical industry products that is currently increasingly needed. The use of caprolactam products in the industrial world is very extensive. This can be seen from its use in the caproic amino acid plastics industry, polyurethanes, car paints, and mainly used as raw material for nylon-6. Caprolactam is also required in the film, imitation leather, synthetic fiber, …
Rice (Oryza Sativa) is one of the main agricultural products in Indonesia. In the rice processing proses, a by product is produced in the form of rice husks. Rice husk waste has not been utilized optimally even though it is a raw material that can be developed and is available in large quantities and cheaply. Rice husks have a high carbon content, therefore rice husks can be used as raw materia…
Based on PISA data involving 81 countries, students' scientific literacy in Indonesia is ranked 68th in the PISA scientific proficiency measurement. To improve students' scientific literacy skills, it is necessary to develop assessment instruments in the form of scientific literacy instruments. Low scientific literacy among students will have an impact on students' ability to solve problems. Ac…
In the current era of globalization, science learning should be able to form a scientifically literate attitude in students who have the ability to think scientifically to be able to solve individual problems and issues in society so that they can act as good human resources. Students often find less than optimal learning resources in the form of innovative alternative media, as independent lea…
This research was motivated by chemistry learning problems related to the classroom. Additionally, students often face difficulties in solving problems when the question format deviates from the example solutions provided by the teacher. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of an interactive engagement strategy assisted by Quizizz on students' critical thinking abilities…
This research aims to produce an e-module based on multiple representations to increase scientific literacy and students' learning independence in buffer solution material. The method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method, with the ADDIE model. Data collection techniques used interviews, student questionnaires, validation sheets, user response questionnaires, scientific literacy tes…
The various problems that exist in Indonesia today reflect the loss of national character values. The role of the school as a place for the formation of student character is considered important and has considerable influence. Teachers are required to be able to continue to develop themselves and be role models for students to form good character. The character of caring for the environment of …
This research aims to develop an instrument for assessing students' critical thinking abilities and science process skills on chemical equilibrium material that is valid and reliable and to determine the differences in the results of measuring students' critical thinking abilities and science process skills on chemical equilibrium material at high, medium and low schools. This research uses th…
The purpose of this research is to determine the increase in learning independence and media self-efficacy using media. This website is designed on elemental chemistry. Research into the development of web-based learning media on chemical element material hopes to provide real descriptions so that students are aware, for example, of the subject of making elements and the use of chemical element…
White jabon fruit (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) has the potential to be used as a biosorbent because it contains cellulose which can be enhanced by activation. Activation in this study using NaOH and combined with humic compounds from peat water such as humic acid is expected to increase the surface area and increase the active sites on the biosorbent. This study aims to determine the efficiency…
The diverse catalytic activity obtained from Ni2P-noble metal catalysts in the hydrodeoxygenation reaction. The influence of using noble metal promoters such as platinum, iridium, palladium, and ruthenium on Ni2P catalysts in hydrodeoxygenation reactions with various compounds is still not fully understood, thus further research is needed to comprehend these effects. The purpose of this study i…
Lignin is a natural polymer that was soluble in water and had active groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and methoxy. Aerogel is a solid material with a three-dimensional structure that had high porosity and formed from hydrogel, which was held together by a small portion of hydrophilic polymer chains and cross-links that form a network and was then processed through freeze drying. This research…
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in the fermentation process of various food products such as yogurt, kefir, and cheese. LAB are Gram-positive, catalase- negative, non-spore-forming bacteria that are resistant to low pH. The major end product of LAB metabolism is lactic acid, and other products include organic acids and bacteriocins (nisin), which have antimicrobial properties. Lactoc…
Manganese oxide is an effective strong oxidizer because it has oxygen that is easily released. Manganese oxides have hollow and layered structures such as MnO2, Mn3O4, Mn2O3, MnO. Manganese oxide synthesis can be done by sol-gel, reflux, hydrothermal, ceramic, and precipitation methods. Manganese oxide can be used as a catalyst to degrade waste organic compounds such as methylene blue dye. Cryp…
Duri Steam Flood is the largest hot steam injection project in Indonesia, so efforts are needed to prevent the decline in production rates. Well layers x, yz in the Duri Field have experienced a decrease in production due to sedimentation, after testing the formation water using the Stiff and Davis method. Based on the Stability Index (SI) value which is greater than 0, namely 1.431, scale tend…
This research aims to find out the differences in conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills between students who are taught by guided inquiry learning with e-scaffolding and those who are taught by guided inquiry in terms of initial abilities in reaction rate material. The e-scaffolding contained in the guided inquiry step is used as assistance in the form of structured questions, c…