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Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Metanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Sebagai Larvasida Aedes aegypti
Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus and the main vector is mosquitoes Aedes aegypti. One way to overcome transmission is by natural larvicide, namely bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) because it has active ingredients such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. This research pure experimental research carried out in July - November 2024. Extracts were made at the FMIPA Laboratory, Riau University. Observations of larvae on extracts were carried out at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Riau University. Larvae were taken from housing in Marpoyan Damai District. Bay leaf extract at doses of 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, 3 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml, abate 1% as a positive control, and aquadest as a negative control were used in this study. This research was repeated 4 times. Larval mortality was seen at 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours. Analyze data with one way anova prove that bay leaves effective as a natural larvicide Aedes aegypti (sig 0.005) < (0.05). The effective dose that caused larvae death was a dose of 4 mg/ml which can kill 98% of larvae for 48 hours. Test results Post Hoc LSD also showed differences in Aedes aegypti larval mortality at a concentration of 1 mg/ml with a concentration of 4 mg/ml and a concentration of 2 mg/ml with a concentration of 4 mg/ml. The results of this research mean that the higher the extract dose, the greater the larval mortality.
Keywords: Bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum), Larvae Aedes aegypti, Methanol, Natural larvicide
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