CD Skripsi

Sintesis Katalis Cao-Fe2o3dari Cangkang Kerang Darah Dan Serbuk Fe2o3 Untuk Produksi Biodiesel Melalui Reaksi Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi Optimasi Dengan Rsm

---

Heterogeneous base catalysts are commonly used as substitutes for homogeneous catalysts in the transesterification reaction for biodiesel synthesis, with CaO being a prominent example. CaO can be obtained from blood clam shells through calcination at temperatures above 700℃. However, CaO catalyst has a relatively low surface area, necessitating modifications, such as the addition of Fe2O3, to enhance its catalytic activity. This research aimed to synthesize CaO catalysts from blood clam shells modified with Fe2O3 at CaO:Fe2O3 ratios of 6:1, 6:3, and 6:5 (w/w). The resulting catalysts were characterized using a Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, which revealed that the CaO-Fe2O3 (6:5) catalyst exhibited a larger surface area (17.4710 m²/g) compared to the CaO-Fe2O3 (6:1) and (6:3) catalysts. Mineral content analysis using XRD showed the presence of lime (CaO), portlandite (Ca(OH)2), hematite (α-Fe2O3), harmunite (CaFe2O4), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) in all three catalyst types. XRF analysis indicated a decreasing percentage of CaO with increasing Fe2O3 content in the catalysts. FTIR analysis identified the presence of O-H, O-C-O, C-O, Fe-O, and Ca-O functional groups. Basicity analysis demonstrated a decreasing catalyst basicity with increasing Fe2O3 content. Biodiesel in this study was synthesized through a two-stage reaction: esterification with H2SO4 catalyst followed by transesterification with the CaO-Fe2O3 catalyst. The esterification stage aimed to reduce the free fatty acid (FFA) content in the crude palm oil (CPO) feedstock. The esterification reaction successfully reduced the FFA content from 6.92% to 2.55%. The transesterification stage was conducted by reacting the esterified oil with methanol using the CaO-Fe2O3 (6:5) catalyst, with optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield (88.302%) was obtained with the CaO-Fe2O3 (6:5) catalyst at 1% (w/w) catalyst loading, 120 minutes reaction time, 12:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 60℃ reaction temperature, and 500 rpm stirring speed. The characteristics of the produced biodiesel, including water content, density, viscosity, and carbon residue, met the SNI 7182-2015 quality standards, with the exception of the acid value

---

Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

-

No. Panggil

2003111501

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau FMIPA Kimia., 2024

Deskripsi Fisik

-

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

-

Klasifikasi

2003111501

Tipe Isi

-

Tipe Media

-

Tipe Pembawa

-

Edisi

-

Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

-

Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Mutia

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

Komentar

---

Anda harus masuk sebelum memberikan komentar