CD Tesis

Aktivasi Lempung Maredan Dengan Asam Sulfat Dan Uji Aktivitas Katalitik Pada Esterifikasi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Menjadi Biodiesel

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The sulfate-activated Maredan clay catalyst has been successfully
synthesized by reflux method with several variation concentrations of
sulfuric acid (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 M) at 80-85 oC and followed by calcination
temperature at 500 oC for 3 hours. Activation of Maredan clay with sulfuric
acid was effective way to obtain impurities free of clay, increasing the
surface area and acidity of the catalyst used as a catalyst in esterification of
CPO. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, FTIR, TGA-DTA, SEMEDX,
BET and acidity determination by Boehm method, pyridine-FTIR
adsorption and N-butylamine titration. The catalytic activity of the catalyst
was evaluated in the esterification of CPO to biodiesel.The XRD catalyst
contained muscovite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, quartz and calcite. The
FTIR catalysts contained functional groups Al-O-H, Si-O, Al-O-Si, Al-OH,
amorphous Si-O and Si-O tetrahedralsilika. The TGA-DTA results showed
the catalyst's thermal resistance was better than Maredan's natural clay in
the temperature range of 30-900 oC. The SEM results showed that the
catalyst surface got disaggregation and the catalyst surface had elements
C, O, Al, Si, K and Cu. The results of the analysis surface area optimum of
the catalyst were 46.04 m2/g in Maredan clay activated sulfuric acid 3 M, but
the greatest total acidity was obtained in the Maredan clay activated sulfuric
acid 2 M which was 0.6483 mmol/g (Boehm titration), 1.1137 mmol/g
(pyridine vapor adsorption) and 0.9 mmol/g (N-butylamine titration). The
results of CPO esterification showed that Maredan clay activated sulfuric
acid 2 M was resulted in ALB optimum conversion about 66.58%. The
results indicated acidity is a major factor in the CPO esterification reaction.
The biodiesel FTIR results contained a carbonyl methyl ester group at 1734
cm-1. GC-MS biodiesel yield obtained 100% purity. The results of NMR
biodiesel at 3.65 and 3.66 ppm as methoxy proton and carbon carbonil at
173.84 ppm. The results of the characteristics of biodiesel have fulfilled SNI
7182:2015 except carbon residue which is 0.23% higher than SNI.
Key words: biodiesel, esterification, heterogeneous acid catalyst, clay

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

10 05. 220 (0008)

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Tesis Kimia., 2020

Deskripsi Fisik

xiii, 149 hlm,; ill.: 29 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

10 05. 220 (0008)

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

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