CD Disertasi

Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Disertasi Ilmu Lingkungan

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In 2020 Plantation Statistics recorded that palm oil plantations in Riau Province reached 2,850,0003 ha, smallholders of 1,831,592 ha community plantations, 73,276 ha state, and 945,135 ha private sector. The development of palm oil plantations is often considered to ignore environmental aspects and only for economic interests. However, the impact of oil palm plantation development contributes greatly to national economic growth, the economy of a region, and economic growth.
Every industrial chain from upstream to downstream provides job opportunities and business opportunities for business actors and the surrounding community. In the upstream sector, palm oil plantations contribute to community livelihoods by providing employment opportunities and increasing access to basic needs and other development opportunities. Meanwhile, the downstream sector of palm oil produces derivative industries that can increase economic growth through exports of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and other derivative products that generate foreign exchange for the country.
One of the instruments to measure the level of sustainability of oil palm plantations, especially smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province from the environmental aspect, can be seen from the carrying capacity of the environment based on ecosystem services. The carrying capacity of the environment based on ecosystem services provides indicative information on the condition of natural resource utilization. So it is necessary to analyze the carrying capacity and carrying capacity of the environment based on ecosystem services in smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province as an instrument of policy and decision making.
The purpose of this study was to find a management model for smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province based on ecosystem services covering social, economic, ecological, and legal aspects of landscape-based governance. To determine the capacity of ecosystem services, calculation of the existing conditions of farming, food carrying capacity, water carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity based on ecosystem services is carried out.
To achieve this goal, the carrying capacity of the environment based on ecosystem services, farm income and willingness to pay for ecosystem services is calculated. The calculation of carrying capacity and carrying capacity based on ecosystem services is carried out using spatial analysis and process hierarchy analysis with aapproach pairwise comparison matrix. Meanwhile, to calculate the farmer's income, farming analysis is carried out that represents each ecoregion. Furthermore, to find out the amount of fund allocation for payment of ecosystem services by smallholder palm oil plantation farmers in Riau Province, it is carried out using the
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Contingent Valuation Method. This method is used to directly calculate the amount of funds allocated for palm oil farmers' willingness to pay for hypothetical goods in the form of ecosystem services and to whom the funds will be channeled to be managed for compensation for environmental damage.
The results showed that the carrying capacity of food and water carrying capacity of smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province had not exceeded or was in surplus. Meanwhile, the condition of community palm oil plantation ecosystem services at the status of 3 ecosystem services has not been exceeded and 13 ecosystem services have been exceeded. The comparison of potential and actual ecosystem services shows that smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province contribute to reducing 9 ecosystem services and directly reducing 7 ecosystem services. However, smallholder palm oil plantations can also improve 4 ecosystem services.
In the existing condition, smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province have an average land productivity of 1,328 kg/ha/month with an average income of Rp. 1,160,393/ha/month. Land productivity is higher than the average productivity and income of farmers in Indonesia. High land productivity and farmer incomes do not guarantee that farmers are willing to pay for low ecosystem services and buy the hypothetical goods created.
Statistical models of the dominant factors that affect willingness to pay for ecosystem services are influenced by land area, farmers' education, land productivity, farmers' income, water carrying capacity and land legality. Efforts to improve the ecosystem services of palm oil plantations to maintain a balance of four aspects to increase productivity and farmers' income. The ecosystem service management model is carried out through the oil palm moratorium policy and increasing the human resources of farmers to increase land productivity and farmers' income.
The novelty of this study is to find that smallholder palm oil plantations in Riau Province have 20 Ecosystem Services with the carrying capacity of food and water for smallholder palm oil plantations (surplus). The next finding is that oil palm plantations are able to improve four ecosystem services, namely ecosystem services providing fuel, regulating air quality maintenance, regulating natural pollination, and nutrient cycles.
The conclusion is that the existing condition of the carrying capacity of food and water has not been exceeded, while the carrying capacity of the carrying capacity of ecosystem services has been exceeded. To increase the capacity of ecosystem services that are exceeded in supporting the productivity and income of farmers, it is necessary to make efforts to moratorium on oil palm and increase the human resources of farmers.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

10 01. 321 (0019)

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Disertasi Ilmu Lingkungan., 2021

Deskripsi Fisik

xv, 191 hlm.: ill.: 29 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

10 01. 321 (0019)

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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