CD Disertasi

Model Pengelolaan Ekowisata Berkelanjutan Di Taman Nasional Bukit Tiga Puluh Provinsi Riau

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Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park has the potential in the form of high biodiversity wealth and several types of unique ecosystems, the beauty of the landscape, the socio-culture of the surrounding community and the uniqueness of the culture of traditional communities. Judging from the aspect of demand, namely the increasing interest of visitors to enjoy natural objects, increasing environmental issues, and the increasing number of foreign tourists coming to Indonesia which makes the issue of sustainable tourism very important. According to Law. No. 10 of 2009, article 2 paragraph (f) and (h) states that tourism is carried out with the principles of sustainability and sustainability. The shift that occurs from mass tourism to individual or small group tourism provides good prospects for developing ecotourism. The high average growth rate of tourist visits in Indonesia when compared to the level of tourist visits in the TNBT National Park area has not kept pace. Based on the results of interviews and field observations, the number of visitors to TNBT from 2008-2020 over a period of 12 years fluctuated and the last 5 years has shown a downward trend. The decline in the number of ecotourism visits to TNBT is an indicator of unsustainable ecotourism management by the management. On the other hand, the existence of TNBT should have a positive impact on improving the economy and opening up new jobs for the community, but in reality this great potential has not been optimally utilized to improve the welfare of the people in the area. This means that conservation areas can become profit centers and not just cost centers. One of the things that is difficult to do and becomes an obstacle in efforts to manage ecotourism is the lack of infrastructure that supports these efforts. Access roads leading to ecotourism sites are quite far from the city center and most of them are difficult to traverse to the area, especially during the rainy season. Communities in general still have a low socio-economic level and have a physical dependency relationship with the potential of natural resources in the TNBT area. Community activities inside and outside the TNBT area trying to exploit the forest into plantation land. Weak institutional aspects in the regions, whether local government, managers, private or community institutions are caused by differences in perceptions and lack of coordination between sectors in efforts to manage national parks. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive exploratory research with a survey method, the data obtained will be analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis of ecotourism sustainability in the TNBT Area uses the Rapid Appraisal for Ecotourism (Rapecotourism) method modified by Rapfish which is based on the Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach, with five dimensions, namely ecological, economic, socio-cultural, legal and institutional dimensions, and infrastructure and technology . Results and Discussion: Based on the results of an analysis of the existing condition of TNBT which is still in the ecologically feasible category, the index value of tree species diversity in primary forest is 3.53 which is included
xix
in the high category (> 3) which indicates that the condition of the ecosystem is still relatively good with dense vegetation cover , plant diversity is still high and there are water sources. While the index value of tree species diversity in secondary forest is 2.26, indicating that the area tends to change in a certain period depending on changes in land cover. Community perception of the area around 83.33% of the community considers that the TNBT forest area can be designated as an ecotourism area. Visitors' perception of ecotourism in TNBT is 60% of visitors who say that TNBT ecotourism has its own uniqueness or characteristics because it has a culture that is still being preserved. The community's interest in developing ecotourism in TNBT is in the form of selling activities or opening stalls. Besides that, it also increases the economy by interacting with visitors through providing visitor needs. 53.33% of visitors who come to TNBT like the Batang Gansal Festival, 23.33% like going to waterfalls, 16.67% like camping while 6.66% like tracking or exploring the jungle. The sustainability status of ecotourism management in TNBT in a multidimensional way is quite sustainable with an index value of 64.14 in the range of 50-75. The ecological dimension has a sustainable status with an index value of 91.68, while the socio-cultural dimension has an index value of 67.38, law and management has an index value of 55.06 and infrastructure and technology has an index value of 56.71. On the other hand, the economic dimension is still not sustainable with an index value of 49.88. Conclusion: There are 6 (six) key factors for sustainable ecotourism management in TNBT which are interactions between area rehabilitation (r), availability of water to access (a), community participation in ecotourism (p), level of community education (p), condition of cultural values (b), and the economic value of ecotourism (e), which can be described in a functional relationship: PEB = f (r,a,p,p,b,e). Conceptually, sustainable ecotourism management in TNBT can be realized by implementing 3 (three) strategies, first; rehabilitation of areas that lead to the fulfillment of elements of ecosystem sustainability. Second strategy; collaborative management in increasing economic value that aims to improve people's welfare. The third strategy; community empowerment in the management of ecotourism that aims for the common good.
References: 274 pieces (from 1970 to 2022)

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1710346622

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Disertasi Ilmu Lingkungan., 2023

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1710346622

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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