ABSTRACT Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a compound that has a versatile reactivity. DMC is widely used in transformation chemical reactions such as methylation, carbonylation and methoxycarbonylation. Dimethyl carbonate is also an alternative additive that is considered capable of replacing conventional additives because DMC is more environmentally friendly than other additives. Formation of dime…
ABSTRACT Isobutyl Palmitate with the molecular formula C20H40O2 is an organic compound that belongs to the palmitic acid ester and can be used as a platicizer, solvent, and chemical flavour. Currently, Indonesia is still adopting isobutyl palmitate, because there is no obutyl palmitate factory in Indonesia. The Isobutyl Palmitat plant is planned to be built with a capacity of 10,000 tons/year …
ABSTRACT Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is a type of salt that dissolves easily in air and is hygroscopic, so that calcium chloride is widely used in industry. Calcium chloride as a dessicant, as a deicing agent and de-icing agent, as a source of calcium ions, as an additive in the food industry. The design of the calcium chloride manufacturing plant is planned to produce with a capacity of 200,000 …
ABSTRACT Dimethyl formamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2HCON, which in general can be abbreviated as DMF. This compound is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and most organic liquids. Dimethyl has the main function as a solvent with a low evaporation rate. Usually this solvent is used in the production process of acrylic fibers and plastics. Dmf can also …
ABSTRACT Geopolymer is a new type of adhesive used as a substitute for conventional cement. Geopolymer mortar is the result of the activation of alumina (Al203) and silica (SiO2) compounds in the precursor which is reacted with a high concentration of alkaline activator solution. The use of geopolymer mortar can reduce the high consumption of conventional cement usage so as to reduce CO2 gas e…
ABSTRACT Cement production produces emissions that are estimated to increase every year. Lately, portland cement has often been criticized with regard to greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) emissions produced in cement production. This gas is released into the atmosphere freely and damages the environment. One alternative method that is appropriate and environmentally friendly is by making geopoly…
ABSTRACT Oil palm trunk is agricultural solid waste that has not been used optimally. Starch-free palm trunks can be used as an alternative raw material for pulp bleaching using the organosolv method and followed by a bleaching process using the TCF method. The purpose of this study was to produce pulp bleaching that took place by organosol and TCF, to determine the brightness and efficiency o…
ABSTRACT Honey not only contains sweeteners or food flavorings, but honey also contains very essential nutrients. Honey is produced by honey bees by utilizing plant flowers. In this study, the decrease in water content in honey used whiting as the adsorbent. This study aims to determine the ability of whiting as an adsorbent in reducing the water content of honey bee silang and determine the q…
ABSTRACT Eucalyptus leaf is one of the essential oil-producing ingredients. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of sample conditions (fresh leaves and dried leaves), whole leaves and chopped leaves, as well as the extraction time on the yield of essential oils extracted from hybrid eucalyptus leaves using the microwave hydrodistillation and gravity (MHG) method. The essential oil…
ABSTRACT Honey not only contains sweeteners or food flavorings, but honey also contains very essential nutrients. Honey is produced by honey bees by utilizing plant flowers. In this study, the decrease in water content in honey used whiting as the adsorbent. This study aims to determine the ability of whiting as an adsorbent in reducing the water content of honey bee silang and determine the q…
ABSTRACT Along with the development of the times, the need for fuel oil is increasing. The development of research and use of diesel engines in industry will not stop just because of the depletion of fossil fuels. The search for alternative fuels as a substitute for diesel fuel continues to be carried out in addition to overcoming the problems of the global energy and environmental crisis …
Abstract Oil palm fronds are lignocellulosic biomass that has not been utilized optimally. Juice-free palm frond fractionation can convert the main components of biomass into valuable products, such as pulp. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of process conditions on the yield of pulp, cellulose and lignin contained in the pulp. The effect of process conditions was studied by Re…
ABSTRACT Isobutyl palmitate (C20H40O2) known as hexadecanoic acid 2-methyl propyl ester is an organic compound which at room temperature is a colorless liquid, soluble in alcohol and ether, but insoluble in water. Isobutyl Palmitate is used as plasticizers, namely materials that function to increase the workability and flexibility of plastics. Isobutyl palmitate is produced by reacting palmiti…
ABSTRACT Palm oil is Indonesia's mainstay commodity which plays an important role in the economic development of the Indonesian nation. One of the products produced from the oleochemical industry is fatty acid. Palmitic acid is one of the largest fatty acid fraction found in Crude Palm Oil (CPO). The process used is a hydrolysis process with raw materials of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and water. The…
ABSTRACT Dimethyl formamide ((CH3)2HCON) or abbreviated DMF is an organic compound in the form of a colorless liquid that can be mixed with water and most organic liquids. Dimethyl formamide can be used as a solvent in the peptide coupling process for pharmaceuticals, in the peptide production process, and in the production of adhesives, synthetic leather, film coatings, and others. The manufa…
ABSTRACT The development of industry has a positive effect in the form of increasing the national economy, but has a negative effect, namely heavy metal waste pollution. Copper ion (Cu2+) is one of the causes of polluted environment. The maximum limit of copper ions (Cu2+) allowed in environmental water according to the PERMENKES RI NO.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 is 1.0 mg/l. Pineapple leaf fiber h…
ABSTRACT The development of industry has a positive effect in the form of increasing the national economy, but has a negative effect, namely heavy metal waste pollution. Copper ion (Cu2+) is one of the causes of polluted environment. The maximum limit of copper ions (Cu2+) allowed in environmental water according to the PERMENKES RI NO.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 is 1.0 mg/l. Pineapple leaf fiber h…
ABSTRACT The escalation of the human population and industrial activities induced the availability of energy sources to reduce. This energy crisis forced humans to save and look for alternative energy sources. The utilization of empty palm oil bunches waste was expected to be one of the solutions to overcome this energy crisis. The empty palm oil bunch waste and spent bleaching earth were empl…
ABSTRACT Methanol plant from glycerol is a good prospect in Indonesia. Until 2021, methanol is only supplied by one methanol producer located in East Kalimantan, namely PT. Kalimantan Timur with a production capacity of 660,000 tons/year. Therefore, the methanol plant from glycerol has a very important meaning for the acquisition of foreign exchange as well as employment. This article presents…
ABSTRACT The development of the palm oil industry in Indonesia tends to focus on food products, whereas the largest added value obtained is in non-food products used by the cosmetics, oleochemical, soap and detergent industries. Surfactants have nearly eight times added value when compared to crude palm oil (CPO and PKO). In general, surfactants are synthesized from petroleum and natural gas d…