ABSTRACT Along with the development of the times, the need for fuel oil is increasing. The development of research and use of diesel engines in industry will not stop just because of the depletion of fossil fuels. The search for alternative fuels as a substitute for diesel fuel continues to be carried out in addition to overcoming the problems of the global energy and environmental crisis …
Abstract Oil palm fronds are lignocellulosic biomass that has not been utilized optimally. Juice-free palm frond fractionation can convert the main components of biomass into valuable products, such as pulp. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of process conditions on the yield of pulp, cellulose and lignin contained in the pulp. The effect of process conditions was studied by Re…
ABSTRACT Isobutyl palmitate (C20H40O2) known as hexadecanoic acid 2-methyl propyl ester is an organic compound which at room temperature is a colorless liquid, soluble in alcohol and ether, but insoluble in water. Isobutyl Palmitate is used as plasticizers, namely materials that function to increase the workability and flexibility of plastics. Isobutyl palmitate is produced by reacting palmiti…
ABSTRACT Palm oil is Indonesia's mainstay commodity which plays an important role in the economic development of the Indonesian nation. One of the products produced from the oleochemical industry is fatty acid. Palmitic acid is one of the largest fatty acid fraction found in Crude Palm Oil (CPO). The process used is a hydrolysis process with raw materials of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and water. The…
ABSTRACT Dimethyl formamide ((CH3)2HCON) or abbreviated DMF is an organic compound in the form of a colorless liquid that can be mixed with water and most organic liquids. Dimethyl formamide can be used as a solvent in the peptide coupling process for pharmaceuticals, in the peptide production process, and in the production of adhesives, synthetic leather, film coatings, and others. The manufa…
ABSTRACT The development of industry has a positive effect in the form of increasing the national economy, but has a negative effect, namely heavy metal waste pollution. Copper ion (Cu2+) is one of the causes of polluted environment. The maximum limit of copper ions (Cu2+) allowed in environmental water according to the PERMENKES RI NO.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 is 1.0 mg/l. Pineapple leaf fiber h…
ABSTRACT The development of industry has a positive effect in the form of increasing the national economy, but has a negative effect, namely heavy metal waste pollution. Copper ion (Cu2+) is one of the causes of polluted environment. The maximum limit of copper ions (Cu2+) allowed in environmental water according to the PERMENKES RI NO.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 is 1.0 mg/l. Pineapple leaf fiber h…
ABSTRACT The escalation of the human population and industrial activities induced the availability of energy sources to reduce. This energy crisis forced humans to save and look for alternative energy sources. The utilization of empty palm oil bunches waste was expected to be one of the solutions to overcome this energy crisis. The empty palm oil bunch waste and spent bleaching earth were empl…
ABSTRACT Methanol plant from glycerol is a good prospect in Indonesia. Until 2021, methanol is only supplied by one methanol producer located in East Kalimantan, namely PT. Kalimantan Timur with a production capacity of 660,000 tons/year. Therefore, the methanol plant from glycerol has a very important meaning for the acquisition of foreign exchange as well as employment. This article presents…
ABSTRACT The development of the palm oil industry in Indonesia tends to focus on food products, whereas the largest added value obtained is in non-food products used by the cosmetics, oleochemical, soap and detergent industries. Surfactants have nearly eight times added value when compared to crude palm oil (CPO and PKO). In general, surfactants are synthesized from petroleum and natural gas d…
ABSTRACT Every year, Indonesia experiences a rise in demand for benzyl alcohol. In addition to being a key component in other chemical industries, benzyl alcohol is frequently used in the production of medications, cosmetics, solvents, perfumes, and textiles. The hydrolysis reaction between benzyl chloride, sodium carbonate, and water results in benzyl alcohol. The continuous stirred tank reac…
ABSTRACT Solid fertilizer is the result of the decomposition of parts or remains of plants and animals. The purpose of this research is the utilization of organic and inorganic waste, and to analyze the content of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and C/N ratio in the solid fertilizer produced. The manufacturing process is using chicken egg shells and kapok banana peels that have been mashed an…
ABSTRACT Adsorption is a separation process in which certain components in the fluid phase move to the surface of a solid which has absorbing properties. Active kabon is made from durian skin. Durian skin is a waste that can pollute the environment. One of the efforts to increase the economic value of durian skin can be done by processing it into activated carbon. This study aims to determine …
ABSTRACT The isobutylene industry in Indonesia is one of the chemical industries that has good prospects. This isobutylene product has a wide market that is used as an intermediate compound and raw material such as MTBE (Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether), ETBE (Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether), antioxidants, fragrance, lubricants, coatings. This final project aims to design an isobutylene plant that can…
ABSTRACT Indonesia has many needs which are still imported from other countries in very large quantities. One of the imported products itself is calcium chloride. Calcium chloride with the chemical formula CaCl2 is one type of salt consisting of the elements calcium (Ca) and chlorine (Cl2). To meet the availability of calcium chloride, Indonesia has to import from abroad due to the unavailabil…
ABSTRACT Glycerol is a raw material for the manufacture of acrylic acid which is obtained from one of the side products of crude palm oil processing. Acrylic acid is an intermediate that is widely used in acrylic ester and resin products which are then polymerized to become coating paints, textiles, adhesives, and plastics. The acrylic acid production process generally consists of 3 stages of …
ABSTRACT Diphenylamine is a byproduct of an aniline in which the amine is enhanced between two phenyl groups. Diphenylamine is used as a fixative for colors, a pharmaceutical ingredient, a product preservative in the agricultural industry, an explosive, and a smell in the beauty industry. The purpose of the establishment of diphenylamine is to produce diphenylamine to meet domestic diphenylami…
ABSTRACT Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is a copolymer styrene, acrylonitrile and polybutadiene. Acrylonitrile monomer is stable at -20oC to 100oC and resistant to corrosive chemicals, impact resistance and toughness properties of butadiene, combined with the rigidity of styrene, to obtain ABS properties, namely impact resistance and toughness. The addition of methyl methacrylate produc…
ABSTRACT In the current era, the world is witnessing the social economic revolution of various types of industries, in Indonesia the textile industry is growing rapidly along with population growth. However, industrial progress has an impact that is produced in the form of textile waste. One of them is methylene blue which is a waste that is difficult to be degraded by the environment. The AOP…
ABSTRAK Furfural needs in the country is increasing along with the development of industries such as paint industry, oil, pharmaceuticals, plastics and also polymer industry. Indonesia's furfural needs to date still rely on imports from other countries. Fufural is commonly produced using agricultural waste containing pentosan, such as rice husks, corn cobs, wood, hemp, cane pulp, empty fru…