CD Tesis

Karbon Nanofiber Turunan Sabut Nypa Fruticans Dengan Pendopingan Heteroatom Oksigennitrogen- Sulfur Untuk Performansi Kinerja Superkapasitor

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Biomass-derived carbon materials having nanofiber structures play an important role in the development of green and sustainable energy technologies because of their natural abundance, high specific surface area, heteroatom content, and porous structure. Carbon materials with heteroatom doping can improve the performance of supercapacitor cells by adjusting the surface properties of carbon electrodes. Heteroatom doping can significantly adjust the surface properties of carbon electrode materials, such as conductivity, wettability, pseudocapacitance. Doping patterns are classified into external and self-doping, where for external doping, doping agents that are usually used are melamine, urea, ethylenediamine, polymers, phosphoric acid, thiourea, and others. Thiourea is a doping agent that is often used to present nitrogen and sulfur constituents in the carbon matrix which has a positive effect on the physical and electrochemical properties of supercapacitor cells. Nitrogen doping results in a lower equivalent series resistance with increased conductivity. Oxygen doping is beneficial in increasing the electronic reactivity of carbon resulting in the contribution of pseudocapacitors and surface wettability behavior to supercapacitor performance. Sulfur doping confers superior physicochemical properties that match oxygen and nitrogen resulting in an increase in redox-active sites which corresponds to an increase in specific capacitance.
This research focuses on the synthesis of carbon nanofiber material derived from nipa palm coir (SN) by optimizing CO2 activation and doping oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) heteroatoms to improve supercapacitor cell performance. Nipa coir biomass was synthesized through a pre-carbonization process to produce self-adhesive carbon powder, chemically activated with 0.5 M KOH activating agent. The pyrolysis process is carried out in an integrated manner in the furnace, where the carbonization is carried out using a temperature of 600 using N2 gas at a flow rate of 3 L min-1 for 1 h and the physical activation process is carried out using a temperature of 700 to 800 and 900 using carbon dioxide gas at a flow rate of 10 L min-1 for 1 h. Furthermore, the process of doping nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms uses thiourea with a mass of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g to increase the conductivity, electrolyte stability, pseudocapacitance properties, specific surface area, and specific capacitance of supercapacitor cells. Oxygen doping occurs internally through chemical and physical activation processes. Microcrystalline structure, vibration response, structural, surface morphology and chemical constituents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-rays (EDX). Analysis of the electrochemical properties of supercapacitor cells to determine specific capacitance values was carried out using the Cyclic Voltametry (CV) and Galvanostatic Charge Dicharge (GCD) methods.
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The results showed that optimizing the CO2 activation temperature resulted in carbon electrodes with a nanofiber structure and low crystallinity, as well as a specific surface area of 675.948 m2g-1. These physical properties caused the SN carbon electrode without doping to obtain the highest specific capacitance value of 290 Fg-1 in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte activated with CO2 at 800 (SN-800). The SN-800 carbon electrode was doped with heteroatom doping using thiourea (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 g) which aims to improve the physical properties of the carbon electrode (crystallinity structure, surface morphology, specific surface area) which is associated with increased cell performance supercapacitor. The presence of nitrogen and sulfur constituents confirmed that the synthesized carbon nanofibers had been successfully doped using thiourea (CH4N2S) and the activation process presented oxygen heteroatoms. Furthermore, the SN-800 electrode with N-S doping experienced an increase in physical properties compared to without N-S heteroatom doping such as a lower crystallinity structure, a higher specific surface area of 1230.05 m2g-1 and the formation of more nanofiber structures. The electrochemical properties of the SN-800 supercapacitor cell electrode with O-N-S heteroatom doping (SN800-03) has the highest specific capacitance, specific energy, and specific power values of 430 Fg-1, 248 Wkg-1, 64 Whkg-1 at current density 1 Ag-1, respectively in 1M H2SO4 electrolyte solution at 1 V voltage doped with 0.3 g of thiourea. The results of this study provide a clear picture, that the trial heteroatom (O-N-S) doping process can improve the physical properties of carbon electrodes which leads to increased performance of biomass-derived supercapacitor cells with a simple, relevant and low-cost synthesis strategy.
Key Words : Nipa Palm Fiber, Carbon Nanofiber, Co2 Activation, Heteroatom Doping, Supercapsitor

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

2010247523

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : ., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

2010247523

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

FISIKA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

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