ABSTRACT An analysis of the effect of filler ratio and ash content on calipers has been carried out on several paper grades. This final project aims to determine the impacts of filler ratio and ash content on several paper grades to increase the runnability of paper machines in producing these grades. This caliper or thickness measures the thickness of a sheet of paper in micrometer units (μm…
Dimethyl Ether (DME) is the simplest ether compound in the form of a colorless gas. Dimethyl ether has similar properties to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) so it can be used as a new energy source. The main raw materials for the manufacture of dimethyl ether are methanol and catalyst support material Alumina (Al2O3). The process used in the dimethyl ether plant is an indirect synthesis pro…
Dimethyl Ether (DME) is the simplest ether compound in the form of a colorless gas. Dimethyl ether has similar properties to Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) so it can be used as a new energy source. The main raw materials for the manufacture of dimethyl ether are methanol and catalyst support material Alumina (Al2O3). The process used in the dimethyl ether plant is an indirect synthesis…
ABSTRACT Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol or sugar alcohol with the formula C5H12O5 which is also often referred to as wood sugar and can be found in fruits, vegetables, mosses, and mushrooms. Xylitol is a sweetener that is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Xylitol has also been commercially utilized in the health sector. This causes the need for xylitol as…
ABSTRACT Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is one type of synthetic plastic that is nonbidegradable or cannot be degraded by microorganisms. Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is needed as a raw material for the manufacture of plastic food and beverage packaging. The need for LDPE increases along with the increase in the capacity of food and beverage wrapping plastic factories. National Low Den…
ABSTRACT Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is one type of synthetic plastic that is nonbidegradable or cannot be degraded by microorganisms. Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) is needed as a raw material for the manufacture of plastic food and beverage packaging. The need for LDPE increases along with the increase in the capacity of food and beverage wrapping plastic factories. National Low Den…
ABSTRACT Phthalic anhydride or 1,3-Isobenzofurandione is an organic compound with the chemical formula C8H4O3 which can be obtained from the oxidation process of orthoxylene and air. Phthalic anhydride (C8H4O3) is a chemical compound in the form of white crystals with a musty odor. Phthalic anhydride is an intermediate substance that is widely used in the production of plastics and vinyl chlor…
ABSTRACT Phthalic anhydride is a synthetic organic compound that can be obtained from the oxidation process of orthoxylene and air. Phthalic anhydride is used as a raw material for making DOP (dioctyl phthalate) which is widely used as a softener or plasticizer used in the manufacture of PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), synthetic leather, and so on. Phthalic anhydride is also useful in the manufactur…
ABSTRACT Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol or sugar alcohol with the formula C5H12O5 which is also often referred to as wood sugar and can be found in fruits, vegetables, mosses, and mushrooms. Xylitol is a sweetener that is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Xylitol has also been commercially utilized in the health sector. This causes the need for xylito…
ABSTRACT Methyl salicylate (C8H8O3) or oil of wintergreen is an organic compound in the ester group in the form of a colorless liquid which has little solubility in water. Methyl salicylate has uses in various industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, methyl salicylate is used as an active ingredient in drug formulations to take advantage of its analgesic effect and as a warming ointment or …
ABSTRACT The washing stage is a stage carried out in the pulp manufacturing industry to separate the cooked pulp from the black liquor content originating from the cooking stage in the digester. Before entering the pulp bleaching stage, the pulp will first be cleaned using a twin roll press to produce good quality pulp, with a press output consistency of 30 – 32% and low soda loss press …
ABSTRACT Recausticizing and lime kiln is one of the departments at PT RAPP which plays an important role as a white liquor supply unit for wood chips cooking ingredients in digester. In the process, the recausticizing lime kiln unit will process green liquor into white liquor by adding lime (CaO) through a causticizing reaction. The main objective of the causticizing process is to produce a un…
ABSTRACT Composite is a material made from a combination of two or more materials to produce a composite material that has different mechanical properties and characteristics from its constituent materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of composites reinforced with coco fiber. In this study, the researchers varied the arrangement of the fibers, namely the stra…
ABSTRACT Composite is a material made from a combination of two or more materials to produce a composite material that has different mechanical properties and characteristics from its constituent materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of composites reinforced with coco fiber. In this study, the researchers varied the arrangement of the fibers, namely the stra…
ABSTRACT Solid organic fertilizer is the result of composting from the remaining agricultural and livestock waste, which contains macro and micro nutrients so that it can improve soil structure. This study aims to study the effect of composting time and EM4 concentration on the organic fertilizer produced and to analyze the N, P, K content of the solid organic fertilizer produced. Fertiliz…
ABSTRACT Weak acid solution is a liquid produced from the scrubbing process the remaining hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas from the HCl synthesis unit using demineralized water. Weak acid solution is an absorbent in the absorption process of HCl gas from combustion in the HCl synthesis unit to produce a 32% HCl solution. Weak acid solution temperature is an indicator in the 32% HCl solution product…
The contribution of crude oil reaches 29.2% of the total energy source. The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources recorded in 2014, the energy consumption was dominated by crude oil at 41% of the total national energy consumption or an increase of 5.4% per year. This forces Indonesia to strive to increase crude oil production, especially for older oil fields. Field X in the Sumatra Basi…
ABSTRACT Peat water has a brownish red color because it contains high organic matter. Adsorption using magnetic biochar as an adsorbent is one of the peat water treatment methods. Magnetic biochar is the result of magnetization of biochar by adding chemicals containing metal ions, and pyrolysis with little or no oxygen. Palm fronds have the potential to be used as a base material for magnetic …
ABSTRACT Palm fronds are one of the solid wastes from oil palm trees which have a high lignocellulosic content. This indicates that they have the potential to be used as a raw material for magnetic biochar. Magnetic biochar is the result of magnetization of biochar with the addition of chemicals containing metal ions and pyrolysis with little or no oxygen. Magnetic biochar has the potential to…
ABSTRACT The need for ethylene oxide in Indonesia is increasing along with the many factories that use ethylene oxide as a raw material. Ethylene oxide is one of the chemicals that has many industrial uses, such as a raw material in the manufacture of ethylene glycol, as an intermediate material and as an insecticide. In the manufacture of ethylene oxide using the Dow Meteor process, the main …