CD Skripsi

Analisis Kualitas Sungai Air Hitam Kota Pekanbaru Sebagai Rancangan Poster Materi Pencemaran Lingkungan Biologi SMA

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ABSTRACT
Environmental changes and human activities are one of the causes of water pollution in various ecosystems, one of which is the river ecosystem. Environmental changes and environmental pollution greatly influence river quality from biological, physical and chemical aspects. This research aims to determine the quality of the waters of the Air Hitam River in Pekanbaru City based on biological, physical and chemical aspects as a design for high school biology learning posters on learning outcomes in phase E of environmental change for class X high school even semester.
The research carried out was quantitative descriptive research carried out in May-July 2023 which consisted of 2 stages, namely stage 1 field research taking water samples from the Air Hitam River in Pekanbaru City and stage 2 namely designing learning posters. The research was carried out through sampling in the field with laboratory testing to determine the analysis of the quality of the Black Water River and presented through numerical data. Water sampling was carried out using purposive random sampling at 3 stations (Downstream, Middle and Upstream of the Air Hitam River) where each station has 3 river water sampling points.
The parameters in this research in determining river water quality include physical parameters (turbidity, color, temperature, solid content, odor and taste), chemical parameters (pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygent), BOD (Biological Oxygent Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygent Demand), hardness, metals, etc.), and microbiological parameters (Total coliform and Fecal coliform). The tools used in this research were Coolbox, beaker, pH meter, DO meter, Secchi disk, thermometer, Erlenmeyer, mesh, dropper pipette, GPS, pH meter, polyethylene bottle, vertical water sampler, measuring flask, stationery and camera. The sample used was Air Hitam River water. The materials used in this research were nitric acid (HNO3), distilled water and lactose broth.
The results of this research are based on 3 factors analyzing black water rivers, namely physical factors, namely temperature ranging from 26.67-27.77oC, brightness level of 23.5-34 cm and TSS values ranging from 42.67-60 mg/L. The physical factors of the Black Water River are still within the river quality standards. Chemical factors, namely PH ranges from 5.9-6.23, DO ranges from 1.57-3.37 ppm, BOD ranges from 1.33-3.37 mg/L, COD ranges from 88.93-90.43 mg/L, Fe ranges from 0.54-0.77 mg/L, Pb at each station is 0.003 mg/L, Ammonia (NH3) ranges from 0.44-0.94 mg/L. There are 5 chemical parameters that have passed river water quality standards, namely pH, DO, COD, Fe, and Ammonia. Biological factors, namely Total Coliform, ranged from 26.33-359.67 MPN/100 mg/L. The total number of coliforms in the Air Hitam River is still within the standard limits for river water quality. water that has passed class III quality standards, namely DO ranging from 1.57-3.37, COD ranging from 88.93-90.43 mg/L, Fe ranging from 0.54-0.77, and Ammonia ranging from 0, 44-0.94 mg/L. Based on the results of the pollution index calculation, the Air Hitam River is classified as lightly polluted with IP values ranging between 1.5-2 at the three testing stations, with the highest status found in the downstream area of the river and the lowest found in the upstream river. Based on the results of research on the water quality of the Air Hitam River in Pekanbaru City, poster learning media has been designed by linking research results based on material taught to class X high school students, specifically on environmental change and water pollution.
 
ABSTRAK
Perubahan lingkungan dan aktivitas manusia menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya pencemaran air di berbagai ekosistem, salah satunya ekosistem sungai. Perubahan lingkungan dan pencemaran lingkungan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas sungai dari aspek biologi, fisika dan kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan Sungai Air Hitam Kota Pekanbaru berdasarkan aspek biologi, fisika dan kimia sebagai perancangan poster pembelajaran biologi SMA terhadap hasil belajar fase E perubahan lingkungan kelas X SMA genap semester.
Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2023 yang terdiri dari 2 tahap yaitu tahap 1 penelitian lapangan pengambilan sampel air Sungai Air Hitam Kota Pekanbaru dan tahap 2 yaitu perancangan poster pembelajaran. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengambilan sampel di lapangan dengan pengujian laboratorium untuk mengetahui analisis kualitas Sungai Air Hitam dan disajikan melalui data numerik. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan dengan cara purposive random sampling pada 3 stasiun (Hilir, Tengah dan Hulu Sungai Air Hitam) dimana setiap stasiun mempunyai 3 titik pengambilan sampel air sungai.
Parameter dalam penelitian ini dalam menentukan kualitas air sungai meliputi parameter fisik (kekeruhan, warna, suhu, kandungan padatan, bau dan rasa), parameter kimia (pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygent), BOD (Biological Oxygent Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygent). Permintaan), kekerasan, logam, dll), dan parameter mikrobiologi (Total coliform dan Fecal coliform). Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Coolbox, gelas kimia, pH meter, DO meter, Secchi disk, termometer, Erlenmeyer, mesh, pipet tetes, GPS, pH meter, botol polietilen, vertical water sampler, labu takar, alat tulis dan kamera. Sampel yang digunakan adalah air Sungai Air Hitam. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah asam nitrat (HNO3), air suling dan kaldu laktosa.
Hasil penelitian ini didasarkan pada 3 faktor analisis sungai black water yaitu faktor fisik yaitu suhu berkisar antara 26,67-27,77oC, tingkat kecerahan 23,5-34 cm dan nilai TSS berkisar antara 42,67-60 mg/L. Faktor fisik Sungai Air Hitam masih dalam baku mutu sungai. Faktor kimia yaitu PH berkisar 5,9-6,23, DO berkisar 1,57-3,37 ppm, BOD berkisar 1,33-3,37 mg/L, COD berkisar 88,93-90,43 mg/L, Fe berkisar 0,54-0,77 mg/L, Pb pada setiap stasiun adalah 0,003 mg/L, Amonia (NH3) berkisar 0,44-0,94 mg/L. Terdapat 5 parameter kimia yang telah lolos baku mutu air sungai yaitu pH, DO, COD, Fe, dan Amoniak. Faktor biologis yaitu Total Coliform berkisar antara 26,33-359,67 MPN/100 mg/L. Jumlah total bakteri koliform di Sungai Air Hitam masih dalam batas baku mutu air sungai. air yang telah lulus baku mutu kelas III yaitu DO berkisar antara 1,57-3,37, COD berkisar antara 88,93-90,43 mg/L, Fe berkisar antara 0,54-0,77, dan Amoniak berkisar antara 0,44-0,94 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan indeks pencemaran, Sungai Air Hitam tergolong tercemar ringan dengan nilai IP berkisar antara 1,5-2 pada ketiga stasiun pengujian, dengan status tertinggi terdapat pada wilayah hilir sungai dan terendah terdapat pada wilayah hilir sungai. sungai bagian hulu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap kualitas air Sungai Air Hitam Kota Pekanbaru, telah dirancang media pembelajaran poster dengan mengaitkan hasil penelitian berdasarkan materi yang diajarkan kepada siswa kelas X SMA khususnya tentang perubahan lingkungan dan pencemaran air.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1905155757

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau - FKIP – Pendidikan Biologi., 2023

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1905155757

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Jaka

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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