CD Tesis

Penerapan Konsep Rumah Layak Huni Ditinjau Dari Aspek Kesehatan Pada Perumahan Tipe 36 Di Pekanbaru

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House is a building that functions as a place to live that is suitable for
habitation, a means of fostering a family, a reflection of the dignity of its inhabitants
and an asset for its owner. A house that is suitable for residence is a house that must
meet health requirements so that the occupants remain healthy.
One of the basic human needs besides food and clothing is a house. Healthy
housing is inseparable from the availability of related infrastructure and facilities
such as the provision of clean water, sanitation for waste disposal, transportation,
and the availability of social services (Krieger and Higgins, 2002).
Many housing, especially subsidized housing, do not provide kitchens, as well
as bathrooms that are built separately and look unfit (Soloty, 2019). In addition,
there was also an inadequate area of windows / ventilation and floors, including
complementary buildings such as the absence of clean water, dirty water drains and
latrines (Samosir, 2017).
This study aims to determine and analyze the extent to which the concept of a
livable house is applied by the development party in type 36 housing in Pekanbaru
City. The three main functions of the house according to Turner (1976), (1) The
house is a family identity, which is manifested in the quality of the shelter or the
protection provided by the house (the quality of shelter provide by housing). The need
for a place to live is intended so that residents can have a shelter / shelter in order to
be protected from the local climate; (2) A house as a support for family opportunities
to develop in social, cultural and economic life or a family safety function. This
function is manifested in the location where the house is built. This need in the form
of access is translated into meeting the needs of the workplace in order to get a
source of income; (3) A house as supporting a sense of security in the sense of
ensuring the condition of the family in the future after obtaining a house. Security
guarantees for the housing environment occupied and guarantees in the form of
ownership of houses and land (the form of tenure).
According to the Decree of the Minister of Settlements and Regional
Infrastructure of the Republic of Indonesia, Number 403 / KPTS / M / 2002 and
Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of
Indonesia, Number 07 / PRT / M / 2018 concerning Self-Help Home Stimulant
Assistance which is still used in construction and rehabilitation of livable houses,
livable houses are houses that meet the requirements; (1) Building safety, including
compliance with the reliability standards of building structural components as well
as improving the quality of covering materials for roofs, floors and building walls;
(2) Occupants' health, covering compliance with adequate standards for lighting and
ventilation facilities as well as the availability of building utilities, including bathing,
washing and toilet facilities; (3) Adequacy of minimum area, covering the fulfillment
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of the minimum standard of space per person for building comfort. This will be an
indicator in this research, apart from the Minister of Health Decree No. 829 / Menkes
/ SK / VII / 1999 concerning Housing Health Requirements.
This research was conducted in July 2019 to April 2020 in Tampan District,
Pekanbaru. with the research location being in type 36 housing. The method used in
this study used a qualitative descriptive method using a sample size with the Slovin
technique.This research was conducted on housing that builds type 36 houses with
the target of Low Income Communities which is subsidized by the government in
order to meet the needs of decent housing. Low-income people are people who have
limited purchasing power to obtain public facilities and to obtain a house. From the
data obtained during the last three years (2017 to 2019), 39 housing types have been
built (DPMPTSP KotamadyaPekanbaru 2019).
Lighting Aspect. In this study, the lighting aspect chosen was natural lighting.
Natural lighting is lighting that comes from natural lighting, such as the sun, moon,
and stars that are used for room lighting. Among the lighting sources mentioned
above, lighting from the sun has the greatest beam strength, so it is most useful in
lighting a room.The measurement results show thatfrom the lighting aspect, the type
36 house in Tampan District has implemented the concept of a livable house in its
building, this can be seen from the measurement results that are above the
predetermined threshold.
Ventilation Aspect (air and temperature). Housing which is the location of the
study uses natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is suitable for areas with a
comfortable climate (mild and moderate) and not extreme (Liddament, 1996).
According to Kristiana, Wita (2011) in order to obtain freshness of indoor air by
means of natural ventilation, it can be done by providing or conducting crossinduction
(cross ventilation).The measurement results show thatfrom the aspect of
ventilation (air), the type 36 house has implemented the concept of a livable house in
its building, because the measurement results are above the predetermined
threshold.Meanwhile, from the aspect of ventilation (temperature), there are still type
36 houses that have room temperatures exceeding the predetermined comfortable air
temperature.
The indoor temperature is above the comfortable parameter, because the
orientation of the building with the largest opening area on the East West side which
has a longer frequency of exposure to sunlight. According to Ashadi et al., (2016) in
building design, it is necessary to make an effort to lay out window holes so that there
are more on the North and South sides of the building. Meanwhile, window
placement on the East and West side of the building should be avoided. Especially on
the west side of the building there were problems because the sunlight from the West
was quite hot and intense. One of the effects of natural light on buildings is the
temperature from the intensity of direct sunlight which can increase the wall
temperature due to conduction and room temperature when direct sunlight enters the
room.
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Sanitation Aspects (capacity and distance of septic tank). According to
SidiqPurwoko (2018) proper sanitation can mean that a simple sanitation system in a
community that is considered appropriate with the criteria of the household has
access to proper sanitation if it uses individual or shared defecation facilities and has
a place final disposal such as septic tank or wastewater treatment system (SPAL).
The measurement results show thatthere are still type 36 houses that have the
capacity and distance of the septic tank from the clean water source below the
threshold set and the septic tank construction that does not meet the requirements.
In order for the ventilation and sanitation aspects of the type 36 house to be
fulfilled, several handling strategies to fulfill the health aspects include; (1) In terms
of human resources, supervision and control in the implementation of sanitation in
the field must be improved, either by field project organizations such as the head
mason, or the developer as the owner of the work if they still use conventional septic
tanks; (2) It is hoped that developers will plant shade trees that can filter out the
direct effects of sunlight shining on buildings; (3) Education must be carried out by
related parties to prospective buyers, in order to understand the importance of
implementing a livable house from a health aspect.
Keywords: Livable House, Lighting, Ventilation, Sanitation

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

10 01. 220 (0055)

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : ., 2020

Deskripsi Fisik

xiv, 71 hlm,; ill.: 29 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

10 01. 220 (0055)

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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