CD Tesis

Sintesis Katalis Heterogen CaO Dari Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa) Yang Diaktivasi Koh Dengan Metode Sol Gel Untuk Transesterifikasi CPO Menjadi Biodiesel

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Heterogeneous CaO catalysts as a role in biodiesel synthesis were developed
continuously. The attempt to develop heterogeneous CaO catalysts was
synthesizing heterogeneous CaO catalysts sourced from blood shells (CKD). The
study aimed to synthesize heterogeneous CaO catalysts from KOH-activated CKD
through the gel sol method. Catalyst synthesis also used ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)
which served to augment the pore so that it can enlarge the surface area of the
catalyst. CaO catalysts were activated without activated with KOH weight
comparison (KOH: CKD: C2H6O2 is 1 g: 6 g: 12 mL). Catalysts were calcined at
temperatures of 700, 800 and 900°C with 3 hours of calcination time. The catalyst
code was the CaO-700; CaO-800; CaO-900; K-CaO-700; K-CaO-800 and
K-CaO-900. The catalyst was characterized containing the surface used the BET
method obtained a catalyst surface area of 1,069 to 5,090 m2g-1, a total pore
volume of 1,387 to 6,143 cm3g-1 pore diameter averaged 1,019 to 6,320 Å.
Characterization used XRD to determine the types of minerals formed on catalysts
were calcite, portlandite and lime minerals. Crystallinity of the catalyst was 24,53
to 73,30%. The crystal size of the catalyst was 6,02 to 33,67 nm. The chemical
composition of catalysts containing CaO, K2O, MnO, SrO, Ag2O, TiO2 and Fe2O3
were analysed using XRF. The alkalinity of the catalyst is obtained by 1,30 to 2,40
mmolg-1 using the asymmetric titration method. Morphology and the number of
elements on the surface of the catalyst were analysed using SEM-EDX. Catalysts
were containing elements O (62,12 to 72,25%), elements Ca (26,71 to 37,40%)
and elements K (0,41 to 1,04%). Catalytic activity of catalysts was tested in
biodiesel synthesis using CPO raw materials through transesterification
reactions. Transesterification reaction conditions were variations in reaction time
(1,2, 3 and 4 hours), reaction temperature (50, 55, 60 and 65°C), catalyst weight
(1, 2, 3 and 4%) and catalyst regeneration (regeneration 1, 2 and 3). The
optimum biodiesel yield was obtained by 94.55% using a K-CaO-700 catalyst
with optimal reaction conditions of 2 hours, a reaction temperature of 60 °C and
a catalyst weight of 2%. The optimum biodiesel purity was tested using GCMS
instruments and obtained by 87,22%. The components of methyl ester contained
in biodiesel were methyl ester palmitate, oleate, linoleate and stearic. The
characteristics of biodiesel produced in the optimum conditions of this study were
water content of 0,03%, type weight of 872 kgm-3, viscosity of 6,0 mm2s-1, carbon
residue of 0,90%, acid number of 0,44 mgKOHg-1, iodine number of 49,01g-
I2/1000g and devil number of 49,29. In general, biodiesel characteristics infested
the quality requirements of SNI 7182-2015 except for carbon residues and setan
numbers.
Keywords: Biodiesel, CPO, catalyst blood cockle shell and sol gel.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

10 05. 221 (0003)

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – Pascasarjana – Tesis Kimia., 2021

Deskripsi Fisik

xv, 145 hlm.: ill.: 29 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

10 05. 221 (0003)

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

-

Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

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