ABSTRACT Water is a very vital need for living things. Clean water must meet physical and chemical quality requirements. The community in Belading Village, Sabak Auh District, Siak Regency uses borehole water that contains high levels of iron (Fe), so processing is necessary to reduce the metal content. One of the treatments to remove ferrous metal (Fe) in water is by adsorption using bioa…
ABSTRACT Copper (Cu2+) is one of the heavy metals that is toxic to aquatic organisms and humans, copper tends to be dangerous when the concentration is more than 0.5 mg/L. To reduce the content of copper can be done by the adsorption process. Spent bleaching earth (SBE) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) were used as adsorbents by combining them into composites to increase the adsorption a…
ABSTRACT Heavy metal pollution is found a lot in the environment, One of the alternative to reducing heavy metals from industrial waste by using adsorbent composite made from Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) and Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS). This study aims to determine surface area of the adsorbent, determine efficiency and adsorption capacity, determine mass optimal, contact time optimal an…
ABSTRACT Many industries produce copper metal waste (Cu) that is classified as heavy metal and toxic. Spent bleaching earth (SBE) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) can be reactivated to be used as composite adsorbents. This study aims to determine the efficiency and the adsorption capacity of SBE-SMS adsorbent composites against Cu2+ metals with the influence of pH and initial concentrati…
Peat water is a surface water that’s found in swamp and lowland areas that have characteristics of organic matter, turbidity and high color. One of peat water treatment that can be used by coagulation-flocculation. This study aims to determine the effect of peat sludge addition in coagulation-flocculation process with Coagulant Aluminium Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) 1%. Peat water was taken in Ri…
ABSTRACT Melamine is a chemical compound derived from urea as white crystals that raw material for making glue, household appliances. The estimation of melamine market in 2020 is 1,5. tons, and keep growth by 3% until 2026. A melamine plant is a necessity for Indonesia's domestic demand and for decreasing melamine import. We decided to conduct the preliminary plant design for melamine from…
ABSTRACT Boxes and wrappers are the main thing in the paper packaging industry. Boxes are first produced in board form by corrugator machines for 4-5 minutes. The problem that happens during the production of boards for the purposes of boxes on corrugator machines is waste of board defects. The high waste of board defects has an impact in the form of frequent downtime on corrugators, delay…
ABSTRACT PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper is one of the industries engaged as a producer of pulp in the form of kraft pulp that is required to always improve its performance. Performance improvement is manifested in the improvement of productivity and efficiency of the company. Pt. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper is inseparable from the problem of increased productivity and machine efficiency i…
ABSTRACT In the process of making paper needed chemicals ClO2 which is one of the chemicals that can help the process of bleaching the pulp will be produced to be bleached pulp. Bleached pulp is the pulp that's been through the process of bleaching. To produce ClO2 needed sodium chlorate (NaClO3) with a concentration of 490 g/l and Hydrochloride Acid (HCl) with a concentration of 32% to r…
ABSTRACT The company of PT. RAPP produces pulp in two types namely pulp slurry and dry pulp sheet based on the consistency of the pulp. Both products will be distribute to consumers of paper companies. This final project was conducted to determine the economic level between pulp slurry and dry pulp sheet based on product quality. This can be seen by looking at the characteristics of these …
ABSTRACT Quality Control System (QCS) is a system used to receive and transmit measurement results in the form of parameters or the quality of a pulp product on an ongoing basis. The measurement results in the form of moisture content and basis weight will be transcribed to the Master Computer and further calculated to obtain the desired pulp quality value. Based on the data obtained, the …
ABSTRACT Chlorine Dioxide is a bleaching agent which will only affect the lignin and give high Brightness to the pulp without weakening its strength. The Dhot bleaching stage is the first stage of bleaching on fiber line 3 using the chemical Chlorine Dioxide. This final project analyzed the effect of dose and strength of ClO2 on the Dhot reactor on the value of pulp brightness. Observation…
ABSTRACT Washing is the activity of removing dirt dissolved in brown pulp. Washing is based on four basic processes: dilution, drying, diffusion and displacement. All types of washers employ some or all of these processes during pulp washing. By using a multistage counter current sequence system, using the cleanest water added at the end of the stage and the resulting filtrate is used in t…
ABSTRACT The pulp bleaching process at PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP) uses ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) technology which uses chlorine dioxide (ClO2) chemicals. The value of the degree of brightness (brightness) of the pulp obtained at the D0 bleaching stage is influenced by several factors. These factors originate from the condition of the pulp after the oxygen delignification sta…
ABSTRACT The mass balance is an accurate calculation of all the materials that enter, accumulate and leave in a certain time. In this final project, a mass balance analysis was carried out on evaporator 4 at PT. Riau Prima Energi and measure the performance of the evaporator. This analysis is carried out by taking secondary data from February 01, 2021 to February 28, 2021. The benefits tha…
ABSTRACT Weak wash liquor is water from the separation of lime mud washing water with condensate B. Weak wash liquor contains a small component of sodium (Na) and has a density similar to water, namely 1.01 - 1.04 kg / l. Weak wash liquor also has a TTA of around 5 - 7 gpl. Green liquor is a smelt that has been dissolved by mixing a weak wash in the dissolving tank. Smelt diluted with weak…
ABSTRACT Oxygen Delignification (ODL) aims to reduce the Kappa number after the cooking process in the Digester. The kappa number is defined as the percentage of lignin left in the pulp. In the Fiberline 1 ODL stage, the Kappa Number was reduced from 1,764% to 0.735% lignin. The decrease in Kappa Number occurs in the O2 reactor by using O2 chemicals to degrade lignin and Alkali to create a…
ABSTRACT Soda carry over is the amount of sodium (natrium) that is still contained in the pulp leaving the digester. This sodium comes from (white liquor) which is used as cooking liqour in the digester unit. The content of white leachate (white liqour) which consist of Na2S and NaOH. Sodium, which is one of the active substances in white liquor, penetrate into the pulp to dissolve other c…
ABSTRACT Jackfruit or Artocarpus heterophyllus is one of the national fruit plants that grows well in equatorial and subtropical areas. Jackfruit seed flour can be used as an alternative to flour or as a substitute for flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soaking time variations using Ca(OH)2 solution, and to analyze the characteristics of the resulting jackfruit see…
ABSTRACT Gelatin is a substance used to make gels and is widely applied in industrial fields, such as the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This study aims to understand the process of making gelatin from broiler thigh bones, knowing the effect of temperature and time of extraction of gelatin from broiler thigh bones. Extraction of gelatin through several stages, namely degrea…