The research aims to improve students' creative thinking skills on the subject of Ion Balance and Salt Solution pH in class XI MIA 1 SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru for the 2018/2019 academic year by applying problem-based collaborative learning. This type of research is a classroom action research using 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings covering four stages of implementation, namely planni…
Tamarind seeds are biocoagulants which contain active substances and are polyelectrolytes. This study aims to determine the slow stirring speed and stirring time in the removal of phosphate and TSS parameters in laundry wastewater and to compare the analysis results with the PERMENLH / 5/2014 quality standard. The removal was carried out by coagulation flocculation and sedimentation using …
ABSTRACT Biochar has the potential to improve soil physical and biological properties. Biochar has many pores that can absorb toxic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, so that it can reduce the toxicity in the soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of increasing the dose of biochar from EFB on reducing TPH levels in petroleum contaminated soil. Biochar …
ABSTRACT The Production Laboratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Riau University, has modified a diesel engine used as a used oil-fueled generator, the problem is that the emission feasibility test has not been carried out. The purpose of this study is to determine the calorific value of used motorbike oil and compare it with dexlite, to determine the relationship between th…
Palm trunk are agricultural solid waste which is still not optimally utilized. Palm trunk have a high starch content so that they can be used as raw material for making bioplastics, dextrins and adhesives. The hemicellulose hydrolysis experiment of starch-free palm trunk was conducted to study the possibility of the using starchfree palm trunk as raw material for the chemical industry, as w…
ABSTRACT Oil palm trunk is a solid agricultural waste that has not been optimally utilized. One of the uses of oil palm trunk is by taking starch to be used as raw material for making bioplastics and dextrins. This experiment was intended to study the possibility of using starch-free oil palm trunk as the alternative raw material in the pulp industry and to determine the delignification ra…
ABSTRACT Gasification of biomass converts biomass into gas fuel which can be used in conventional equipment such as boilers, engines and turbines or sophisticated equipment such as fuel cells as heat and electric generator. Simulation of the gasification of biomass is done by several approaches, one of them is a nonstoichiometric equilibrium model which is determined by minimizing free Gib…
ABSTRACT The use of LPG as a gas fuel is still needed by the community in various sectors, where in the future the needs of the community will increase as the industry progresses. One of the alternative fuels that can be developed as LPG substitution is Dimethyl Ether. Dimethyl Ether is produced through the process of synthesis and dehydration of methanol from natural gas. Natural gas is a…
ABSTRACT Palm kernel meal (BIS) is a side product of the processing of palm kernel into palm kernel oil. Palm kernel meal contains cellulose, hemisellulose and lignin. Palm kernel cake contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which can be used as animal feed by fermentation. The objectives to be achieved in this research are the manufacture of animal feed from palm kernel meal and anal…
ABSTRACT Furfural needs in the country is increasing along with the development of industries such as paint industry, oil, pharmaceuticals, plastics and also polymer industry. Indonesia's furfural needs to date still rely on imports from other countries. Fufural is commonly produced using agricultural waste containing pentosan, such as rice husks, corn cobs, wood, hemp, cane pulp, empty fr…
Abstract Laccase (benzenediol:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2) is classified as blue copper oxidase enzyme. Laccase generally found in plant, insect, bacteria and filamentous fungus. One of filamentous fungus that able to degradates lignin is Trichoderma. Lignin is available in biomass such as rice straw, that contains around 18% lignin. The technique of producing laccase enzymes in thi…
Pyrazole is an important group of five circular heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms which are included in the alkaloid group of secondary metabolites. Apart from containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms, pyrazole compounds also have two endocyclic double bonds. These this compound has interesting biological activities such as, anticancer, antitumor, antiinflammatory and antioxidant. …
Azin is a compound produced from the condensation reaction of the carbonyl compound molecule with hydrazine, which has the structure R1R2C=NN=CR1R2. The two imine bonds that make up the structure of the azine make this compound the most important in the development of new medicines which is known to have diverse biological activities such…
Paku Ahaka (V. elongata) is an epiphytic plant which is included in the family of Pteridaceae which typically grows on palm trees and wetlands. It has been reported that some species from this genus have cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, but its secondary metabolites and biological activities have not been reported in V. elongata. The work therefore aimed to distinguish the secondary metabo…
Pyrazoline is a five-ring heterocyclic compound with two nitrogen atoms close in its rings and has more than one endocyclic double bond. The availability of pyrazoline in nature in small amounts, but has a good biological activity in treating various diseases including as an anticancer or antidiabetic. This study aims to synthesize and confirm the activityof pyrazoline compunds. Pyrazoline comp…
Composite is a material that is formed from two or more materials with different properties, so that materials with different properties and characteristics are produced. Composite consists of reinforcement and a matrix. In this study, hydroxyapatite was acted as a matrix and the reinforcement was derived from gelatin. The purpose of this study was to synthesize hydroxyapatite-gelatin composit…
The gonggong snail is widely consumed as a part of culinary tour that currently in demand by tourists. As a result, the waste of gonggong snail shells increases. Therefore, to reduce its waste, the gonggong snail is used as a heterogeneous catalyst in making biodiesel using used cooking oil as raw material. The gonggong snail shells were calcined at 900 °C for 10 hours. The catalyst was impreg…
Avocado seeds are one of the residual waste products that are starting to attract attention as low-cost adsorbents for heavy metal and dye reduction. one of the uses was to make avocado seeds as an adsorbent and combined with silver nanoparticles through one-pot synthesis to get a combination that will be used to absorb methylene blue dyes. In this study, avocado seeds were made in powder and t…
Biodiesel is an alternative energy that is environmentally friendly and has low exhaust emissions when used in diesel engines. Biodiesel synthesis is carried out using the main ingredient, namely palm oil (CPO), but the high content of free fatty acids (FFA) (> 5%) contained in CPO is one of the factors that affect the performance of the catalyst. To overcome this problem, in this study, biodie…
Mangrove have several compounds that can be used as antibacterial, one of them is Rhizophora apiculata. The purpose of this study was to isolate secondary metabolites and determine the antibacterial activity from R. apiculata leaves extract. This study used a maceration method with ethanol solvent which then was extracted using n-hexane. Separation of the extract was carried out by VLC. Fractio…