ABSTRACT Tofu liquid waste contains organic compounds which are generally high. One of the treatments to reduce pollutant level in tofu liquid waste is coagulation and flocculation. The aim of this study was to study the effect of variations dosage of Aloe vera and the speed of stirring on the removal of tofu liquid waste by coagulation and flocculation using the Aloe vera as biocoagulant.…
ABSTRACT The needs for industrial wastewater treatment for heavy metal have been a concern. Adsorption using hydroxyapatite (HAp) as adsorbent is one of the choice to remove heavy metal content economically and efficiently. The objective of this research is to study the effect of temperature and weight of adsorbent in adsorption as well as determine adsorption equilibrium model in the lead…
ABSTRACT The Kraft pulping process has become the most widely used pulping process in the papermaking industry since its discovery in 1879.This process has three main advantages over other pulping processes, namely the resulting fiber is stronger, can be applied to all wood species. Both softwood and hardwood, and lower operating costs due to the chemical can be reprocessed at a high effic…
ABSTRACT The forest product processing industry, one of which is the pulp and paper industry. The pulp and paper industry is a contributor of liquid waste which is quite dangerous for the environment. Increased production in the industry is followed by the presence of wastewater with high levels of pollutants. Wastewater in the pulp and paper industry is mainly generated from the process o…
ABSTRACT Bio-charcoal briquettes are one of the ingredients of fuel that derived from biomass. Biomass is one of the sources of energy that can be replaces. One of biomass that is used in this research is coffee skin and peanut skin. The research is aimed to utilize waste biomass as material fuel alternatives and determine the best comparison of coffee skin and peanut skin. This research i…
ABSTRACT The pulp and paper industry is a water-intensive industry, and number third in the world and also a significant contributor to pollutant discharge to the environment. It is know that the low BOD/COD ratio obtained from pulp industry wastewater is an average of 0.3 (1/3) while the ideal of biodegradability value is in the range above 0.5 (1/2). Thus, there are alternative treatment…
ABSTRACT Corrosion is defined as the result of damage from a chemical reaction between a metal and its environment. The use of inhibitors is one way to inhibit the corrosion rate. Bay leaf extract is an organic material that can be used as an inhibitor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding bay leaf extract on the corrosion rate of ASTM A36 carbon steel in 0.5 M HC…
ABSTRACT Adsorption is a process in which solute liquids accumulate on the adsorbent surface and form a thin layer of atoms or molecules. The adsorbent used was shrimp shell powder.Utilization of the adsorption process in the absorption of Cu metal is useful for determining the isotherm model and adsorption kinetics. In this study the adsorption process was carried out by varying the conce…
ABSTRACK Indonesia is one of the largest paper producing and exporting countries in the world. Along with the increase in paper production, solid waste is generated from the reject of stock preparation. These reject of stock preparation has the potential to produce bioethanol because it contains a high cellulose content of 85,53% and hemicellulose 3,88%which is able to support the provisio…
ABSTRACT Most of the shrimp shell waste consists of chitin compounds which can be converted into chitosan. The use of chitin and chitosan are mainly as chelating agents, emulsifiers and adsorbents. In this study, shrimp shell waste was used directly as an adsorbent on Cu metal, without changing the shrimp shells to chitin or chitosan. Shrimp shell waste at the initial stage was treated inc…
Indonesia is one of the largest paper producing and exporting countries in the world. Along with the increase in paper production causes an increase in solid waste originating from the reject pulp. The reject pulp has the potential to produce energy because it still contains high cellulose content of around 85.16% which is able to support the provision of usable and environmentally friendly…
ABSTRACT Corrosion cause a material has a limited lifespan, where the material that was estimated for long-term use turns out to had a shorter lifespan than its average lifespan. One of the prevention of corrosion was to used corrosion inhibitors that made using organic materials. Bay leaf (Syzgium Polyantha L) contains tanin that used to prevent or slow the occurrence of corrosion. This r…
ABSTRACT Monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) are a group of synthetic emulsifiers that can be obtained from the esterification of fatty acids with glycerol using deep eutectic solvents (DES) as catalysts. DES is a system consisting of a mixture of at least two components, namely hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) and hydrogen bond donors (HBD) which form a eutectic phase with a lower melt…
ABSTRACT Monoglycerides are the fatty acid monoesters of glycerol. Monoglycerides are fats consisting of free hydroxyl groups which are hydrophilic groups and fatty acid ester groups which are lipophilic. MG and DG can be obtained from the triglyceride glycerolysis process using enzymes or alkaline catalysts, selective hydrolysis, or fatty acid esterification with glycerol. In this study M…
ABSTRACT Corrosion is a decrease in metal quality due to electrochemical reactions with the environment. Metals that experience a decline in quality not only involve chemical reactions but also electrochemical reactions, namely between the materials concerned with the transfer of electrons. The greater the concentration of chloride ions, the faster the corrosion process that occurs in the …
ABSTRACT Corrosion is damage or deterioration in the quality of a metal caused by reactions to the environment. Corrosion is a natural process that will never stop or will continue to occur as long as the metal material is in contact with its environment. However, the corrosion process can be controlled, minimized, or slowed down by the addition of an inhibitor. Terminalia catappa. L leaf …
ABSTRACT An emulsifier or emulsifying agent is a material that can unite two compounds of different polarities. Mono diacylglyceride (MDAG) is a synthetic emulsifier that can be obtained from the esterification reaction of fatty acids with glycerol using NADES (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent) catalyst. NADES is an environmentally friendly organic solvent made from a mixture of HBA (Hydrogen…
ABSTRACT Mono and diglycerides (MDAG) are a group of synthetic emulsifiers usually used for food emulsion. MDAG can be obtained by the esterification process of fatty acids and glycerol with Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) as a catalyst. DES is a mixture of at least two components, there are Hydrogen Bond Acceptors (HBA) and Hydrogen Bond Donors (HBD) which form eutectic phases with melting p…
ABSTRACT The membrane is a selective and semipermeable thin layer between two phases, namely the feed phase and permeate phase. One of the ingredients for making membranes is cellulose acetate from pineapple leaf waste. The purpose of this research is to make cellulose acetate membrane using cellulose from pineapple leaf waste as the main raw material with composition variation and pressur…
ABSTRACT Corrosion is an event of metal damage caused by the reaction of metal with various substances in its environment which causes a decrease in the quality of a metal material. One way that can be used to reduce the rate of corrosion was added by an inhibitor. Terminalia Catappa l plants are tropical plants that were commonly found in Indonesia. High concentrations of tannins were fou…