CD Skripsi
Studi Eksperimental Terhadap Gaya Dorong (Thrust) Dan Torsi (Torque) Propeller Pada Pesawat Tanpa Awak
ABSTRACT
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have rapidly evolved and are widely utilized in various sectors, including mapping, surveillance, irrigation, and cargo transportation. One of the key components that significantly affects a drone's performance is the propeller, which is responsible for generating lift and torque to maintain stability and maneuverability in the air. The efficiency and effectiveness of a propeller are influenced by several factors, including the number of blades, pitch angle, and rotational speed. This study aims to analyze the impact of blade count and pitch angle variation on the thrust and torque produced by the propeller, using an experimental approach through static thrust testing. Six types of propellers were tested, featuring 2-blade and 3-blade configurations with varying diameters and pitch angles (3.5 in, 4.5 in, 5 in, 6 in, and 7 in). Data collection was conducted at throttle levels ranging from minimum to 70%, utilizing a tachometer, wattmeter, and digital scale. The results show that 3-blade propellers produce greater thrust compared to 2-blade ones but consume more torque, thereby reducing efficiency. Higher pitch angles generate greater thrust but require more power. Thrust efficiency, expressed in grams per watt (g/W), was evaluated relative to thrust output. The highest efficiency was observed at low to moderate thrust levels. A 2-blade propeller with a 10-inch diameter and 4.5 inch pitch achieved a maximum efficiency of 12.99 g/W at 73 grams of thrust, while a 3-blade propeller with a 7-inch diameter and 3.5 inch pitch recorded a peak efficiency of 12.07 g/W at the same thrust level. In general, efficiency decreases as thrust and torque increase.
Keywords: Propeller, Torque, Efficiency, Static Thrust, RPM, Blade, Pitch
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