ABSTRACT Indonesia is one of the largest coconut producers in the world, with coconut milk being one of its high-value derivatives. However, coconut milk is highly perishable and prone to degradation. To improve shelf life and product stability, the spray drying method is employed to convert liquid coconut milk into powder. Nevertheless, this process often encounters challenges such as wall de…
ABSTRACT Spray drying is an effective method to convert liquid coconut milk into powder; however, conventional cyclone separators still face challenges in particle separation efficiency due to re-entrainment phenomena. This study aims to design and analyze the performance of a cyclone separator modified with a Circumfluent Cyclone (CFC) configuration and the addition of a Convergent Vortex Fin…
ABSTRACT Spray drying is a widely used drying method to convert liquid feed into powder, especially for heat-sensitive materials such as coconut milk. However, this process often encounters the issue of wall deposition, where particles adhere to the drying chamber walls, reducing drying efficiency and product quality. This study aims to analyze the temperature and airflow velocity distribution…
ABSTRACT Implementation of development on a project scale has great potential for environmental damage to occur. The building and construction sector contributed approximately 32% of global energy consumption and 34% of energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in 2023. There has been an increase in the average daily temperature of at least 0.74ºC per year over the past two decades with t…
ABSTRACT Oyster mushroom baglog waste can produce 1 to 2 tons of waste in one harvest cycle. This waste has a fairly high lignocellulose content so that it has the potential to be used as a basic material for making activated carbon. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in NaOH activation concentration on the adsorption capacity of activated carbon from baglog waste in rem…
ABSTRACT EMP Bentu Ltd – EMP Korinci Baru Ltd is an entity engaged in the energy sector, particularly in natural gas, and is currently carrying out various important projects on-site. In monitoring the progress of these projects, the company still relies on WhatsApp and email, which leads to difficulties in tracking progress, risks of miscommunication, and scattered documentation. This resea…
ABSTRACT 1,3 Butadiene has the chemical formula C₄H₆ and the structural formula CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂. It is a conjugated diene compound, also known as buta-1,3-diene, biethylene, erythrene, and vinylethylene. 1,3 Butadiene is a colorless, non-corrosive, highly flammable, and reactive compound with a distinctive light gasoline-like aroma. It is widely used in the chemical industry, particularl…
ABSTRACT Recovery boiler is a piece of equipment used in the pulp and paper industry that has two functions: recovering chemicals contained in black liquor for reuse in the cooking process and generating energy. Several components of a recovery boiler are very important for improving energy efficiency, one of which is a direct heater. The direct heater in a recovery boiler is used to heat blac…
ABSTRACT Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) has been proposed as an effective and economical alternative to chelating agents such as DTPA (Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid) in bleaching processes, particularly in the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) bleaching method. MgSO₄ serves as a source of magnesium ions (Mg²⁺), which can compete with catalytic metal ions to bind to H₂O₂ or fiber surfac…
ABSTRACT The Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE) is a critical unit within the Recovery boiler system in the pulp and paper industry, functioning to concentrate black liquor before combustion for energy and chemical Recovery. This study aims to analyze the Steam Economy value in the evaporator unit at PT Tanjungenim Lestari Pulp and Paper to evaluate the efficiency of steam energy utilization. Th…
ABSTRACT The baling line is the final stage of the process in the Pulp Dryer. At this stage, bales are packed into 1 unit with a weight of 2020 ± 9kg per unit and a height of 168 cm – 170 cm. The baling line often experiences downtime, which results in lost production time. This observation was conducted with the aim of minimizing downtime of the tying machine in the baling line of Pulp Dry…
ABSTRACT Filters are important components in oxygen production systems, especially in the pulp and paper industry, because they play a role in maintaining gas purity and the stability of the production process. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of primary and secondary filter usage and the effect of differential pressure on oxygen production capacity, by considering maximum capacit…
ABSTRACT One of the important parameters in the cooking process is the liquor to wood ratio (L/W ratio) which is the ratio between the volume of cooking liquid and the mass of wood used. An imbalance in the material balance in the impbin & digester unit can cause problems such as excess chemical liquor for the cooking process, chips that do not cook evenly. In this research, the focus is o…
ABSTRACT The cut-size machine is a tool used to produce standard paper commonly used in everyday document printing. However, in the production process, there are still defects that result in poor paper quality and do not meet the specified quality specifications. Therefore, this study entitled "Defect Analysis on Cut-size Machine A and Cut-size Machine B with Quality Control Method" aims t…
ABSTRACT The Folio Sheeter (FS) machine functions to change paper rolls into folio-sized sheets of paper. This final project report discusses efforts to "Minimize Folio Paper Defects Using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) Method on Folio Sheeter A (FS A) and Folio Sheeter B (FS B) Machines". The purpose of this study is to identify the types of defects in paper products, apply SQC to …
ABSTRACT Electrolysis is an event where a solution will be decomposed into its ions, namely positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions), when a direct electric current is flowed into an electrolyte solution through electrodes. In the electrolysis process, electrical energy (Power) is needed so that the electrolysis process takes place. The electrolysis process in the chlor-alkali indust…
ABSTRACT Electrolysis is the main process in the alkaline chlorine industry. Electrolysis is a method of separating compound bonds by passing an electric current through compound bonds. This study aims to analyze the effect of load variation in chlor alkaline electrolyzer on the performance of the electrolysis process in producing caustic soda (NaOH) and chlorine (Cl₂) in the pulp and paper …
ABSTRACT Pulp Dryer is part of the final process in pulp processing which aims to convert slush pulp into pulp sheet with the help of steam. To reduce steam consumption, it is necessary to analyze several factors that affect steam consumption. In this final project, the influence of temperature, pH and slush pulp freeness factors on steam consumption in the Pulp Dryer is studied. Some of the f…
ABSTRACT The process of chip filling into the digester is a crucial early stage in the pulp production process as it determines impregnation efficiency and delignification success, especially to produce high quality dissolving pulp. Optimizing chip load not only improves cooking efficiency but also directly influences mill productivity allowing a higher daily throughput of dry pulp per batch a…
ABSTRACT The woodyard department is a sector dedicated to the preparation of raw chip materials, starting from the arrangement of wood blocks, sorting the quality of logs or raw materials before the chipping process, sorting the size of the chips, and processing waste materials that have value such as processing unwanted bark in the pulping process into boiler fuel after going through several …