CD Skripsi

Perancangan Pabrik Betaine Surfactant Dari Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil Dengan Desain Alat Utama Reaktor Karboksimetilasi (R-301)

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ABSTRACT
Surfactant production in Indonesia reaches 70,000 tons/year, which is still insufficient to meet national demand, so Indonesia remains dependent on imports. Surfactant imports in Indonesia have increased by 8.15% per year, indicating a significant increase in surfactant demand. According to BPS data from 2020, surfactant imports in Indonesia reached 20,000 tons per year. Hydrogenated palm kernel oil is converted into betaine surfactants. A factory is planned to be built in Dumai City, Riau, Indonesia. Dumai City was chosen due to its proximity to raw material sources, transportation ease, and availability of utilities. Betaine surfactants are used as anti-foaming agents, foam enhancers, aqueous agents, to reduce the irritation potential caused by anionic surfactants, and as a mixture in various care products and are safe for sensitive skin such as shampoo, shower gel, and cosmetics.
Betaine production from HPKO uses a three-stage process, namely amidation, separation, and carboxymethylation. Amidation involves mixing HPKO with DMAPA to produce amidoamine with an 85% conversion rate. The separation process is conducted in two stages: separating amidoamine from the mixture and separating DMAPA from the mixture using two distillation columns. The carboxymethylation process involves mixing amidoamine with SMCA to produce betaine with a 99% conversion rate. The total electricity consumption for the plant is 382 kW. The total electricity requirement after a 10% overdesign is 420.2 kW. The waste generated by the Amidopropyl Betaine plant from Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil is liquid waste. This waste must be treated to meet quality standards before being discharged into the environment. The instrumentation used in the Amidopropyl Betaine plant includes measuring devices (sensors) and displays (indicators), controllers, alarms, and recorders. The variables measured are temperature, flow rate, pressure, and liquid surface level.
The profitability analysis parameters NPV, ROI, PBP, IRR, and BEP were obtained as $16,583,381; 36.93%; 1.61 years; 27.77%; and 35.84% when the prices of raw materials and products remained unchanged. The PBP value is considered feasible if the obtained value is below 4 years. The factory will make a profit if it operates above 35.84%. The ROI value at a 0% change is 36.93%. The ROI value is expected to be in the range of 16–40%, which is considered very feasible for a high-risk factory.
Keywords: Economic Analysis, Betaine SSurfactant, Plant Design, Sensitivity, Utilities.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

2107112372

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – F.TEKNIK – kimia., 2025

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

2107112372

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

TEKNIK KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

daus

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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