ABSTRACT Acetic acid is a hygroscopic carboxylic compound that is colorless, and has a very sharp aroma and is corrosive to metals and tissues. Some alternative acetic acid names are ethanoic acid, ethyl acid, methanakarboxylic acid, or vinegar acid. Acetic acid has the structural formula C2H4O2, but it is commonly written as CH3COOH and has a molecular weight of 60.05 g/mol. The uses for acet…
ABSTRACT Adipic acid is commonly used in the textile and plastic industries. The purpose of the Adipic Acid Plant is to meet the domestic demand for adipic acid and minimize the import of adipic acid, create new jobs, and encourage the establishment of new factories that use adipic acid as raw material. Adipic acid is produced through an oxidation process with the main raw materials being …
ABSTRACT Methylamine can be made synthetically through the reaction between ammonia (NH3) and methanol (CH3OH). One of its main uses is as a raw material in the production of various chemical compounds such as pesticides, explosives, medicines and other organic chemicals. The establishment of the Methylamine factory aims to meet production needs for factories operating in the pharmaceutical, f…
ABSTRACT Sodium lignosulfonate is a type of surfactant with extensive industrial applications due to its ability to reduce surface and interfacial tension, stabilize emulsions, and act as an effective dispersant. Sodium lignosulfonate surfactants are anticipated to become increasingly important as industrial demand for surfactants rises with growing consumer consumption. Theplannedplantwillope…
ABSTRACT Methylamine is a chemical compound widely used in the pharmaceutical, pesticide, and other chemical industries. This production process involves the reaction between methanol and ammonia with the aid of a catalyst to produce monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine. One of the main components in this plant is the dimethylamine absorption column (T-106). This column functions…
ABSTRACT Butanediol is a bifunctional alcohol widely used in various industrial and medical applications. In the industry, butanediol is used as an organic solvent and as an intermediate in the manufacturing of several types of plastics and synthetic fibers. The butanediol plant is planned to be operational in 2030. To meet the demand for butanediol, a plant with a capacity of 30,000 tons …
Acrylic acid is an important chemical in the industrial world because acrylic acid is an intermediate chemical that is widely used in industrial production processes and consumer products. Acrylic acid is mainly used as a raw material in the manufacture of acrylic esters, as a monomer for polyacrylic acid and its salts, as a comonomer for use as a flocculent and ion exchange resin polymer. The …
Based on the amount of waste generated in Pekanbaru City per day reaching 1,011.01 tons, for the composition based on its type, plastic waste is around 10%. Plastic waste is a waste problem that is difficult to overcome. Plastic waste partly comes from plastic bottles. One way to utilize plastic bottle waste is as a material for making paving blocks. This study aims to analyze the use of PET on…
Hospital wastewater is one of the sources of pollutants that can endanger environmental and public health due to the presence of toxic substances and compounds in it. Therefore, it is necessary for hospitals to build Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) considering the adverse effects caused by the wastewater. This study aims to evaluate and redesign the WWTP at Hospital X in Pekanbaru City, adh…
Furnace charcoal is a by-product produced by sago starch processing plants that has not been optimally utilized. The high calorific value of furnace charcoal of 5673.88 cal/gr has the potential to be used as raw material for briquettes. This study aims to determine the effect of adhesive variations on the quality of sago flour industry furnace charcoal briquettes by conducting proximate analysi…
Leachate causes environmental pollution due to the content of toxic compounds and pathogenic microorganisms through garbage piles, so it is necessary to process so that the leachate that is disposed of is safe and does not harm the environment, one of which is by using SBR technology. This study aims to isolate COD, TSS, VSS, pH and ammonia in leachate. The processing process in this …
Silica fume and rice husk ash are among the residual materials or waste, which have not been optimally utilized, both by society and industry. Meanwhile, paving blocks are still widely used as building materials. Until now, the use of paving blocks still raises environmental issues. Therefore, this research aims to create alternative paving blocks that are more environmentally friendly,…
The large production of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) causes a large amount of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) to be produced. POME contains high organic substances and is rich in nutrients N, P, and K. Recently, One of the alternatives treatment used to treat POME is using Granular Indigenous Microalgal-Bacterial Consortium (GIMBC), which is a microalgae-bacteria aggregate with a solid and compact…
The increasing human population is directly proportional to the amount of wastewater produced. The greater the use of water, the greater the domestic wastewater produced. In general, domestic wastewater treatment uses activated sludge. However, this treatment has several drawbacks such as not being able to remove nutrients, requiring large electrical energy for aeration, and further slu…
Domestic wastewater is a complex environmental problem that requires effective treatment technologies. The most widely used biological treatment today is Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS), but CAS has shortcomings such as poor sludge settling performance, high energy consumption, requires a large area, long hydraulic retention time, produces CO2 gas and produces excessive sludge and l…
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is wastewater derived from the production of crude palm oil (CPO) that can pollute water bodies. Generally, POME is treated using conventional systems, but the treated POME still contains nutrient-rich organic compounds such as carbohydrates, organic acids, and nitrogen. The remaining organic compounds can be utilized as a growth medium for microalgae and …
Palm oil production in Riau Province reached 8.97 million tons in 2022 along with the wastewater produced. Each ton of oil palm fresh fruit bunches will produce 0.7- 0.8 m3 of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) which is treated with conventional systems. However, the conventional system produces greenhouse gases and residual nutrients that can be utilized by microorganisms through mutualism …
Indonesia's palm oil industry has increased by an average of 8% per year, resulting in an increase in wastewater. The production of one ton of palm oil will produce 2.5 tons of wastewater or Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) which is treated with an open pond system. The open pond system still leaves greenhouse gases (GHG) and nutrient content that can be utilized in the formation of Granul…
One of the current technological developments that is very rapid in society is motorcycles. The increase in the number of motorcycle transportation causes the use of lubricating oil to increase, because in general, every certain distance or range of 3,000 to 5,000 kilometers of lubricating oil must be immediately replaced with a new oil of 1 liter. Each replacement will certainly produc…
This research was carried out in a power plant unit with a total working area of 745 m2, which is a unit that is a source of electrical energy to support all activities at PT KPI RU II Sei Pakning. The source of electrical energy comes from a generator engine which operates continuously for 24 hours, producing continuous loud noise, which will increase sound exposure to workers and incr…