CD Disertasi

Model Optimasi Peningkatan Serapan Pohon Akibat Emisi Co2 Kendaraan Bermotor Dengan Pemanfaatan Jalur Hijau Jalan Dan Taman Kota Untuk Adaptasi Terhadap Perubahan Iklim Di Kota Pekanbaru

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ZULANDA, student ID 1710346357, Optimization Model for Increasing Tree Absorption due to CO2 Emissions from Motorized Vehicles through the Utilization of Green Roadways and City Parks for Climate Change Adaptation in Pekanbaru City, under supervised by Yusni Ikhwan Siregar, Sukendi, and Imam Suprayogi.
The dynamics of global response to climate change, which results in an increase in Earth's temperature and the potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) effects, are supported by the World Development Index (WDI) statement. The WDI states that Indonesia's annual CO2 emissions continue to increase, with the transportation sector emitting 157,263 Giga COe on average, experiencing an annual emission increase of 7.17%. This increase in emissions contributes to the rise in global temperature, triggering climate change, as evidenced by data from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The use of fossil fuel-based transportation in Indonesia in 2018, with 146 million vehicles, has the potential to contribute significantly to CO2 emissions.
The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) in 2019 published the National Energy Balance 2018 for the transportation sector, stating that it was the largest energy consumer, accounting for 391 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) or 42% of the total final energy consumption. Almost all of the energy used in the transportation sector comes from fossil fuels and vegetable oils, making up 48% of the final energy mix. The transportation sector emitted 157,263 Giga CO2, with an average emission increase of 7.17% per year. This emission increase is directly proportional to the increase in fuel consumption, which reached 7.56% per year. The total fuel consumption for the transportation category in 2019 was 415 million BOE, with the largest share being accounted for by petroleum fuels (BBM) at 99.97%. Fuel consumption has been increasing every year, with an average growth rate of 8.32% per year.
Meanwhile, the dynamics of local response in Pekanbaru City, based on data from the Riau Provincial Bureau of Statistics (BPS), show that the use of fossil fuel-based transportation in Pekanbaru reached 1.285 million in 2020. This has the potential to contribute to increased CO2 emissions due to the growth of motor vehicles. Referring to the analysis of the National Energy Balance 2018, the transportation sector is the largest consumer of energy in Pekanbaru, consuming 391 million SBM or 42% of the total final energy consumption. The main objective of the dissertation research is to develop a strategy for reducing CO2 emissions resulting from motor vehicles and to develop an optimization model to enhance the capacity of trees in absorbing CO2 emissions generated by motor vehicles, based on the integration pattern of Green Roadways with the City Forest in Pekanbaru City, in line with the Pekanbaru City Spatial Planning (RTRW) for 2020-2040.
The research approach method involves conducting traffic counting activities, which play a crucial role in obtaining the actual number of motor vehicles passing through the road sections within the study area, including Subrantas Road, Arengka Street, Arifin Achmad Street, Jenderal Sudirman Street, Harapan Raya Street, and Lintas Timur Sumatera Road. These data will be used to calculate CO2 emissions based on a Smart Phone application. As an illustration, for the location point and survey distance of Subrantas Road, which spans 5.526 km, traffic counting was conducted on August 6, 2022, August 15, 2022, and August 16, 2022. The research method used to develop strategies for increasing tree absorption of CO2 emissions from motor vehicles by utilizing urban forests and city parks for climate change adaptation in the city of Pekanbaru is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The supporting factors considered in this approach include policies, budget, human resources, and infrastructure, as well as the involvement of the Government, Community, Private Sector, and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) as supporting actors. The research also considers the environmental, social, economic, and technological innovation aspects. The action plan involves strengthening the CO2 Emission Reduction Program through the utilization of urban forests and city parks, implementing Carbon Tax and Electric Vehicle Tax Incentives, raising awareness about Environmentally Friendly Electric Vehicles, and utilizing Technological Innovations in Electric Vehicles for CO2 reduction.
The approach to solving the issue involves utilizing the support of a Geographic Information System (GIS) through the implementation of asset data collection and the determination of vegetation coverage on Subrantas roads, Arifin Achmad Street, and Harapan Raya Street. This will be done precisely by utilizing satellite image photographs from Sat Planet. The classification method used states that the interpretative accuracy is over 80% and meets the predetermined criteria, with an Overall Accuracy value of 88.89% and a Kappa Coefficient of 0.86. The main of the research is the formulation of a comprehensive policy product to determine the magnitude of CO2 emissions released by motor vehicles on Subrantas Road, Arifin Ahmad Street, Sudirman Street, and Harapan Raya Street in the year 2022 (existing). The estimated emissions values are 390,946.14 tons/year, 327,402.41 tons/year, 162,637.712 tons/year, and 97,417.472 tons/year, respectively. Furthermore, the predicted CO2 emissions values in the year 2040, in line with the Pekanbaru City Spatial Planning (RTRW), are as follows: 1,042,714.42 tons/year, 611,957.76 tons/year, 360,583.44 tons/year, and 146,758.89 tons/year for Subrantas Road, Arifin Ahmad Street, Sudirman Street, and Harapan Raya Street, respectively.
The results of formulating a strategy for absorbing CO2 emissions from motor vehicles through the utilization of GCP and City Parks in Pekanbaru City prioritize environmental aspects. The planned actions include a Program to reduce CO2 emissions through the utilization of Green Roadways and City Parks, with the government as the main actor, supported by policy measures and budget allocation. The optimization model implementation suggests utilizing 10% of the City Forest area along Subrantas Road, resulting in the absorption of 827,976 tons/ha of CO2 emissions and generating an oxygen surplus of 176,207.72 tons/ha. On the other hand, utilizing 100% of the City Forest area along Sudirman Street yields CO2 absorption of 206,982 tons/ha and an oxygen surplus of 9,036.63 tons/ha. Utilizing 100% of the City Forest area along Arifin Ahmad Street results in CO2 absorption of 301,510.72 tons/ha and an oxygen surplus of 17,137.32 tons/ha. Lastly, utilizing 100% of the City Forest area along Harapan Raya Street leads to CO2 absorption of 57,403.32 tons/ha and an oxygen surplus of 8,061.9 tons/ha. These optimization results can serve as a basis for the initial development of carbon taxes on urban transportation sectors to address CO2 emissions from motor vehicle usage.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1710346357

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau PASCASARJANA Ilmu Lingkungan., 2025

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1710346357

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

DISERTASI S3 ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Mutia

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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