ABSTRACT Indonesia as a developing country currently is trying to fulfill the needs of various chemicals to accelerate industrialization process. The need for lactic acid in Indonesia is currently still met by imports. Based on BPS 2021 data, total lactic acid imports in 2020 is amounted to 8,308,802 Kg. Therefore, efforts are needed to develop domestic lactic acid production to reduce depende…
ABSTRACT Ethylene dichloride or 1,2-dichloroethane with the molecular formula C2H4Cl2 is a reactive and highly toxic organic compound characterized by a clear, oil-like liquid with a chloroform-like odor. The high demand for EDC (ethylene dichloride) in Indonesia is still met through imports from several countries such as China, the United States, Germany, Korea, and Qatar. The production …
ABSTRACT Aniline is an organic compound which is included in the aromatic compounds with the molecular formula C6H5NH2. Aniline is used as an initial raw material for the synthesis of dyes, vulcanization accelerator for rubber, production of herbicides, pesticides and medicines. Its most important use is found in the synthesis of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) which is a precursor to po…
ABSTRACT Tertiary Butyl Alcohol is one of the four isomers of butanol which is also known as Tertiary Butyl Alcohol, 2-Methyl-2-Propanol, Trimethyl Carbinol, often abbreviated as TBA an has the molecular formula C4H9OH. The main raw materials used in making Tertiary Butyl Alcohol are isobutene and water. The plant is planned to operate for 330 days per year and work continuously for 24 hours p…
ABSTRACT Phenol or hydroxybenzen is an organic compound that has one hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring with the molecular formula C6H5OH. Phenol is one of the intermediate materials needed for downstream industries and advanced intermediate industries including as raw material for the manufacture of bisphenol-A used in the plastics industry, raw material for the caprolactant industry…
ABSTRACT Ethanolamine or monoethanolamine specially is organic compound that has two function group, primary amine and primary alcohol. Ethanolamine widely used as raw material production of surfactant, cosmetic, and inhibitor corrosion. Raw material production ethanolamine using ethylene oxide and ammonia with SABIC Technology process. Indonesia’s ethanolamine consumption is fulfilled with …
ABSTRACT Formaldehyde is the simplest aldehyde in terms of chemical structure. At room temperature, formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. It is highly reactive, readily polymerizes, is highly flammable, and can form detonative mixtures in air. The factory that will be built aims to increase the country's foreign exchange and open up new job opportunities for residents around…
ABSTRACT Ethanolamine or better known as monoethanolamine is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H7NO which has two functional groups, namely primary amine and primary alcohol. Ethanolamine is generally used as a raw material for surfactants, cosmetics, corrosion inhibitors, and solvents to absorb impurities in natural gas. The need for ethanolamine in Indonesia is still met throug…
ABSTRACT Methyl chloride is one of the materials that is needed in the silicon industry, as an ingredient in agricultural medicines, as an ingredient in the synthetic rubber industry, as a raw material for making methyl cellulose, making fuel additives (Tetra Ethyl Lead), and can be used as an ingredient in floor cleaner industry. The need for methyl chloride increases over time. The increase …
ABSTRACT Butanediol (BDO) is an important element in the long production chain consisting of various intermediates and derivatives, which are used in various industries and applications, including electronics, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, production of solvents, paints, coatings, adhesives, wetting agents, textiles, paper, etc. The process used to produce BDO is Malei…
ABSTRACK Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae have been studied to be able to decompose organic waste by utilizing the larvae which will extract energy and vegetable waste, animal carcass food scraps, and feces as organic matter. BSF larvae residue from the remaining decomposition process of organic waste used as compost contains nutrients for fertilizer. This study aims to identify temperature, p…
ABSTRACT PT. Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper which is the largest paper mill in Southeast Asia located in Perawang, Siak Regency, Riau Province. This research was conducted in the unit PPM 2 (Paper Machine 2) with a work area of 5000 m2 which is a white paper production unit for printing and copying paper. The mechanical process of processing wood into pulp and paper using machines and work tools …
ABSTRACT Sabak Auh District, Siak Sri Indrapura Regency, with an area of 10,858 km2 and a population of 12,911 people. To meet their daily needs, the people of Sabak Auh use groundwater and rainwater. The soil conditions in this area have a high level of acidity and are peaty causing the ground water to become very turbid and brown in color which contains organic compounds. This situation make…
ABSTRACT Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency for 2021, sago plantations in Meranti Islands Regency have an area of 40,150 hectares, with a total production of 247,010 tonnes. Referring to Nuraini's research in 2015, it is known that the sago processing process will produce around 48% starch and the remaining product is in the form of sago pulp which becomes waste. From 1 ton of sa…
ABSTRACT Agriculture is one of the sectors that contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, which can lead to global warming. Greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector have increased by 14.4% since 2000 on a national scale. The purpose of this research is to analyze greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector in Pekanbaru City using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Cha…
ABSTRACT The reliability of the distribution system is a key factor in ensuring a stable supply of electricity to customers. A reliable electricity distribution system has the ability to avoid or minimize power outages, and is able to quickly restore power supply in situations of blackouts. In order to measure and analyze the level of reliability of the electricity distribution system, the met…
ABSTRACT The effluent treatment process at PT RAPP is divided into two treatment steps, which are primary treatment and secondary treatment. This process is basically an aerobic process, which converts organic carbon dioxide into CO2 and H2O, NH4 and new biomass cells. Oxygen is supply by mechanical blowing of air. The most general and extensive wastewater treatment system is the activated slu…
ABSTRACT Untreated liquid waste from tofu production, if directly disposed of without any treatment, will cause pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the waste before it is discharged into the environment. The process used in the treatment of liquid tofu waste is biological treatment, utilizing the symbiosis of microalgae and bacteria to reduce pollutant parameters. This is achieved t…
ABSTRACT Peat water has special characteristics, namely brownish color, high organic matter, low pH between 2-5, so it needs to be processed so that it can be used for daily needs. Treatment that can be used is coagulation-flocculation. The coagulants used in this study were cowpea and PAC. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of using cowpea for removal of organic mat…
ABSTRACT Research on river water treatment has been carried out using the coagulation-flocculation method by using of natural coagulants. Soybeans can be used as natural coagulants because they contain protein, and the results obtained will be compared with PAC coagulants. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of using soybeans for turbidity and TDS removal in river water, …