ABSTRACT An antenna-based sensor was designed for the measurement of salt and sugar concentrations in water, operating within the frequency range of 1–3 GHz. The sensor was implemented using two types of substrates: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 0.135 mm, and FR-4 with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Capacitive coupling was employed to achieve narrow bandwidths of 115 MHz on th…