The expansion of the palm oil industry in Indonesia cannot be separated from the contribution of smallholder oil palm plantations which will reach 49 million tonnes in 2021, an increase of 2.9% from 2020 production of 48.3 million tonnes. Among the 26 provinces in Indonesia, Riau Province has the largest area of oil palm plantations in 2021, which is 19.16% of the total area of oil palm plantat…