The Contribution of ICT Competence and Self-Efficacy toward EFL Learning A…

This study aimed to examine the contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) competence and self-efficacy on the EFL learning autonomy. The study involved first-year students enrolled in the English Department at public universities located in Pekanbaru, Riau Province. Participants were instructed to fill out three questionnaires, each pertaining to one of the three variables:…