ABSTRACT Peatlands in the Biosphere Reserve Giam Siak Kecil- Bukit Batu (GSK-BB), Riau are mostly converted into Timber Plantation (TP) Acacia, oil palm plantation, rubber plantation and settlements. Peatland conversion will affect the population and soil microbial activity. Population and soil microbial activity are indicators that are sensitive to soil quality. This research aimed to monitorā¦