ABSTRACT Nanocitosan is a physical modification of chitosan by reducing the size of chitosan to nano size. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of chitosan and the volume ratio between chitosan solution and NaTPP solution to the size of the nanocitosan that has been produced and to determine the characteristics of nanocitosan with Part…
Manganese oxides plays a major role in the mobility and bioavailability of environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals and toxic organic molecules, and may be strongly regulated by manganese oxides. Manganese oxides are thought to be the strongest, naturally occurring oxidants and oxidize a large variety of organic substrates. This thesis focused on the synthesis of tunnel-type manganese o…
Hydrogen gas which is used as a fuel to generate electricity can be produced by water splitting through a photoelectrochemical reaction process. The synthesis of TiO2/CoS composites was carried out to form p-n junction between TiO2 and CoS which prevents electron-hole recombination to increase the photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2. In this research, thin film TiO2/CoS composites were synthe…
Zeolite is a versatile material, it can be applied in industrial and environmental fields, either as an adsorbent, catalyst or catalyst support, ion exchange or as a membrane filler. Zeolite sodalite (SOD) which has been converted from Maredan natural clay raw material still has low crystallinity and has not been applied for specific purposes. This study aimed to obtain a zeolite sodalite …
The sugarcane bagasse (SC) waste is a low cost adsorbant and has been reported as a highly potential adsorbent. The waste was chemically activated by NaOH to increase its surface area and to modify its structure and pore size. The sugarcane baggase was first activated with solution of NaOH (10 g SC in 100 ml of 1 g NaOH) referred to as ATAN, which was then impregnated with different solution of…
The crude polar extract of mangosteen pericarp not only has a relatively high antioxidant activity (55±4) μg/mL, but also has high cytotoxicity (16±0.5 μg/mL). This high cytotoxicity presumably is caused by the presence of complex cytotoxic compounds from the mangosteen pericarp. To obtain a non-toxic extract preparation with high antioxidant activity, crude polar 50% ethanol extracts of ma…
Three isolates of LBKURCC37, LBKURCC38, and LBKURCC39, were fungi isolated and purified from peat soils originating from secondary forests in the Makmur Area of the Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Nature Reserve (CAGSKBB), Riau. Soil samples are taken from the CAGSKBB core area. The results of previous studies found that LBKURCC39 produced chitinase in the highest amount above the chitinase activity…
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants generated primary by combustion that are widely available in the environment, which are carcinogenic and are widely studied in several countries. Forest fires that occur in Riau province have the potential to increase the content of PAHs in the soil. In addition to determining the PAHs content in burned soil, this study also aims to find an…
Laccase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation process of various types of organic and inorganic compounds such as phenolic compounds. Because of its abilitles laccase is an important enzyme for industry, In the food, textile and pharmaceutical industries. This study aims to screen the potential of laccase production from several Trichoderma isolates collected by the Biochemistry Laboratory,…
Curcumin is a secondary metabolite that has been widely used as traditional medicine, one of which is as antiviral. Curcumin is a β-diketone compound which is relatively unstable and has a low bioavailability. Thus mono-carbonyl curcumin is synthesized to increase its activity and bioavailability. Modification by adding nitrogen containing moiety such as morpholine as well as piperidone group …
In 21st century learning, technology is not something additional, even mandatory. This is one of the keys in contemporary classroom learning. Learning is carried out based on ICT (Information Communication Technology). By using ICT in learning students are required to have an active role in learning so that educators only act as facilitators, companions of students, where educators provide…
Malaria is a deadly and serious disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection which is spreaded by female Anopheles mosquitoes. Some research to get antimalarial drugs being done continuously, since many cases showed of drugs resistance, one of them discovery of antimalarial agents from natural products compounds. Litsea glutinosa is known in the local community as medang lendir. It is spec…
Pyrazoline is an azole group compound with a pentacyclic ring containing two nitrogen atoms. Pyrazoline with various biological activities has an important role in organic chemistry because of its application as a medicinal substance. In this case the pyrazoline compound (E)-7-(4-methoxybenziliden-3-(4-methoxyphenil)-5-methyl-2-phenil-3,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c] pyridine, has been…
Natural of pyrazoline such as vitamins, alkaloids and pigments, but there are limited availability, till synthesis is required. analog of Pyrazoline have biological activity caused their substituents. Therefore, 4- (3- (2-chlorophenyl) -5- (2- methoxyphenyl) -4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide (1,3,5-triaryl pyrazoline was synthesized 25) development by adding chlorophenyl, met…
Dye waste produced by industries contains dangerous and poison materials that could pollute the environment. In this study, hydroxyapatite calcium deficient will be used as medium of adsorption. This process will determine the isotherm models, thermodynamic, and adsorption kinetics models. The dye adsorption process was carried out at various temperatures and initial concentration of dye at…
Plastic is a type of packaging that is often used in everyday life, however, in general, the plastic used is synthetic plastic which takes a very long time to decompose. Bioplastic is an environmentally friendly plastic film made from organic materials so that it can decompose naturally with the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effect of adding various durian seed fl…
Plastic is a type of packaging that is often used in everyday life, however, in general, the plastic used is synthetic plastic which takes a very long time to decompose. Bioplastic is an environmentally friendly plastic film made from organic materials so that it can decompose naturally with the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effect of adding various durian seed fl…
Lycopene or what is often referred to as α-carotene is a bright red pigment that is found in fruits that are orange to red. Lycopene is a carotenoid antioxidant that is very powerful and needed by the body. The main source of lycopene that has not been optimally utilized is Palm Fatty Acid Destillate (PFAD), a byproduct of the palm oil processing industry. The reddish orange color of the P…
The characteristics of SBE and quicklime almost resemble sand, but have finer particles, therefore these two materials are used in this study as a substitute for some of the sand in brick making. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the variation in the addition of the amount of SBE and quicklime used in the making of the concrete blocks and the quality of the bricks mad…
Lycopene or what is often referred to as α-carotene is a bright red pigment that is found in fruits that are orange to red. Lycopene is a carotenoid antioxidant that is very powerful and needed by the body. The main source of lycopene that has not been optimally utilized is Palm Fatty Acid Destillate (PFAD), a byproduct of the palm oil processing industry. The reddish orange color of the P…