aktivitas antiinflamasi ekstrak daun nanas kerang (tRADESCANTIA SPATHACEA sW.…

Background: Hemorrhoid is anorectal disorder characterized by venous dilation and increased levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and COX-2. Therapy with NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal side effects, highlighting the need for safer alternatives. Tradescantia spathacea (oyster plant) is known to contain flavonoids and phenolic compounds with anti‑inflammatory effects. Methods: This …