CD Disertasi

Model Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Ikan Endemik Depik (Rasbora Tawarensis Weber & De Beaufort, 1916) Terancam Punah Di Danau Laut Tawar Aceh Tengah

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Depik (Rasbora Tawarensis Weber & de Beaufort,
1916) is an endemic fish species that is limited to Lake Laut Tawar (LLT), with an
endangered status characterized by significant population decline. The multifunctional
utilization of the lake has significantly impacted the natural recruitment
of depik. There are at least four priority issues that determine the sustainability of
depik fish in LLT:1) uncontrolled conversion and deforestation around the
catchment area, 2) overfishing and non-selective fishing gear application, 3)
environmentally unfriendly aquaculture activities, 4) domestic, agricultural,
plantation, and tourism waste pollution, and 5) introduction of alien species and
invasion of non-native/predator species. This situation has had a significant impact
on the social, economic and environmental dimensions of communities in Aceh
Tengah District. The sectoral and unintegrated aspects of management and the
absence of a comprehensive management model are weaknesses in the efforts to
maintain the sustainability of depik fish in LLT. This research aims to obtain a
management model for endemic endangered depik fish resources in LLT. This goal
was achieved through several stages: (i) analyzing the existing conditions of LLT
water quality status; (ii) analyzing the condition of population dynamics of depik
endemic fish resources in LLT; (iii) analyzing the utilization status of depik
endemic fish resources in LLT; and (iv) formulating a comprehensive and
sustainable management model of depik endemic fish resources in LLT.Materials
and Methods: The research used a mixed-method approach. The quality status of
LLT water was analyzed using the Storage and Retrieval of Water Quality Data
System (STORET) method with reference to the quality standard values based on
the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2021 concerning
the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. The distribution
pattern of water quality parameters was analyzed using a geospatial approach
through a Geographic Information System (GIS) application using the raster data
point interpolation technique of the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method with
ArcGIS Desktop 10.8 software Ver. 10.7.0.10450. Analysis of fish population
dynamics was conducted by analyzing length frequency distribution, sex ratio,
growth pattern, and estimation of growth parameters (von-Bertalanffy growth,
mortality, recruitment, and exploitation rate) using FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Fish
Stock Assessment Tools) II software ver. 1.2.2. Analysis of the utilization status of
depik endemic fish resources was carried out using the surplus production and
bioeconomic method approach through the calculation of Catch Per Unit Effort
(CPUE), estimation of biological parameters, production potential, and economic
rents according to the Actual, Open Access (OA), Maximum Sustainable Yield
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(MSY), and Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) management regimes. The depik
endemic fish resource management model was built through a dynamic system
approach using Powersim Studio 10 Academic LN software: PSSTUDIO-103027-
DYQ8T. Model projections were conducted over a 12-year period (2021-2023) by
dividing scenarios into three conditions: Business as Usual (BAU), moderate, and
optimistic. Results and Discussion: The results showed that LLT water quality had
a STORET index score of -56 for class I water quality standards and index scores
of -28 and -20 for class II and III water quality standards, respectively. TSS, DO,
BOD, COD, TP, and Ammonia parameters have exceeded the quality standards for
lake waters based on PPRI No. 22 of 2021. Depik population dynamics showed an
unbalanced sex ratio (1:1.21 P>0.05), infinite length (L∞) 129.61 mm, growth rate
(K) 1.28 year-1, t0 = -0.11, growth performance index-GPI (Φ) 0.45 with a negative
allometric growth pattern. The utilization status of depik has reached 90% and
increased by 38.69%, with an average degradation rate of 0.268 per year. The actual
management regime shows overcapacity characterized by excess effort and low
production, causing economic rents to decline significantly. The management
model for depik endemic fish resources in LLT was built based on three submodels:
biophysical, bioecological, and bioeconomic, with scenario division under
three conditions: business as usual (BAU), moderate, and optimistic. The
simulation results of the BAU scenario without any intervention showed that the
total pollutant load increased by 54.37% per year with a total pollutant load of
201,312.47 tons at the end of the simulation. At the beginning of the simulation
year, the exploitation status of depik endemic fish resources in LLT of 0.68 at the
beginning of the simulation year was above the optimum exploitation rate (>0.5),
increasing to 0.75 at the end of the simulation. The existing depik endemic fish
resource management regime pattern generated economic rents of IDR 712.12
million at the beginning of the simulation, decreasing by 8.90% per year to only
generate IDR 15.33 million at the end of the simulation. The moderate scenario that
began to be implemented in 2023 resulted in an increase in the total pollutant load
of 8.27% per year with a total pollutant load of 159,334.64 tons at the end of the
simulation. At the end of the simulation, the resource exploitation status of endemic
depik fish gradually decreased by 1.29% per year to 0.61 at the end of the
simulation. The implementation of the MSY management regime significantly
increased economic rents by 17.68% per year, resulting in an IDR of 1.326 billion
at the end of the simulation. The optimistic scenario applied in 2023 shows that the
total pollutant load can be reduced by 2.70% per year, with a total pollutant load of
67,870.92 tons at the end of the simulation. The exploitation status of depic endemic
fish resources can reach the optimal exploitation status (0.5) in 2029. The
implementation of the MEY management regime had a significant impact on
increasing economic rents by 17.70% per year, generating an IDR of 1.327 billion
at the end of the simulation. Conclusion: The water quality of LLT was in the poor
category for water quality standard classes I, II and III, with TSS, DO, BOD, COD,
TP, and Ammonia as the main pollutant parameters. The dynamics of the depik fish
population indicate that there has been a decline in habitat quality and fish biology
owing to an increase in the rate of exploitation and the burden of pollutants entering
the water. The status of depik fish utilization has experienced overfishing, with a
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management regime that shows indications of overcapacity, causing a significant
decrease in economic rents. Based on the comparison of model scenarios carried
out over a 12-year time span (2021-2032), it is shown that the moderate and
optimistic combination scenario integrated in the "Endemic Fish Management -
SYAIFUL model" which is Specific, Yierly, Agreed, Ideal, Forecast,
Understandable, and Long-term, is the most appropriate and realistic scenario to be
implemented in the management of depik endemic fish resources in LLT.
Reference: 236 (from 1993th – 2022th)

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1910347149

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : ., 2023

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

1910347149

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

FATAH

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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