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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Rancangan Pabrik Biodiesel Dari HFFA (High Free Fatty Acid) Feedstocks Dengan Desain Alat Utama Reaktor Transesterifikasi PFAD (R-202)

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ABSTRACT
Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly and renewable alternative fuel. In biodiesel
production, Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is often used as a raw material due to its high
free fatty acid content. The biodiesel production process from PFAD involves two main stages:
esterification and transesterification. Using PFAD as a raw material in biodiesel production not
only reduces dependency on fossil fuels but also optimizes the utilization of palm oil industri
waste, thus supporting environmental and economic sustainability. Therefore, the establishment
of a biodiesel plant can meet fuel demands and increase national revenue.The biodiesel plant
is planned to be established in Dumai, Riau Province in 2028 with a capacity of 300,000
tons/year.
The esterification reaction process is conducted with a stirred tank reactor (R-201) where
the reaction between raw materials such as free fatty acids and metanol with the addition of a
catalyst occurs. The esterification process operates at a temperature of 70°C and a pressure of 1
atm, achieving a conversion rate of 97.9%. The transesterification reaction also uses a stirred tank
reactor to convert triglycerides and metanol with the help of a base catalyst into fatty acid methyl
ester and glycerol. The transesterification process operates at a temperature of 60°C and a pressure
of 1 atm, achieving a conversion rate of 97.41%. Stirred tank reactors are used to accelerate the
homogenization of the reaction, ensure uniform temperature throughout the process, and
maintain operation under standard temperature and pressure conditions, making them suitable
for esterification and transesterification reactions. The utility requirements for the biodiesel plant
include steam, water, and electricity supply units. The plant equipment is equipped with safety
instruments and process control instruments to ensure smooth production processes.
The biodiesel plant requires a fixed capital investment of Rp. 2,906,905,498,144, a
working capital investment of Rp. 512,598,108,414, and a total production cost of Rp.
8,630,045,716,819. The products are sold with an annual revenue of Rp. 12,790,726,304,872.
Profitability analysis shows a net present value (NPV) of Rp. 927,130,099,145.12, an internal
rate of return (IRR) of 25.799%, a break-even point (BEP) at a production capacity of 39.05%,
and a payback period (PBP) of 2.98 years. Based on these results, the biodiesel plant design from
PFAD is considered feasible and a profitable investment.
Keywords: Economic Analysis, Biodiesel, Reactor, PFAD

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

2007114005

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – F.TEKNIK – kimia., 2025

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

2007114005

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

TEKNIK KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

daus

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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