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Keefektifan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Tepung Biji Pinang (Areca Catechu L.) Terhadap Mortalitas Hama Rayap (Coptotermes Curvignathus Holmgren) Di Laboratorium
ABSTRACT
The use of synthetic chemical insecticides, which is commonly practiced, is
considered to have negative impacts on the environment and human health.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop more environmentally friendly control
alternatives, one of which is through the utilization of botanical pesticides. Areca
nut (Areca catechu L.) seeds are known to contain active compounds such as
arecoline, arecaine, and tannins, which act as contact and stomach poisons against
insects. The research was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of
Agriculture, Universitas Riau, for a period of three months, from January to March
2025. The experiment employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD)
consisting of six concentration treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 g/L of water)
and five replications, resulting in a total of 30 experimental units. Each unit
consisted of 10 worker termites. The parameters observed included the initial time
of death, median lethal time (LT₅₀), daily mortality, total mortality, and changes in
termite behavior and morphology. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance
(ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5%
significance level. The results showed that the concentration of 80 g/L of water was
the most effective treatment, with an initial death time of 8.40 hours, an LT₅₀ value
of 38.20 hours, and a total mortality rate of 82.00%.
Keywords : Areca nut, Arecoline, Botanical Insecticide, Lethal time50
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