CD Skripsi

Sintesis Katalis Koh/Cao Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel Untuk Transesterifikasi Cpo Menjadi Biodiesel : Variasi Waktu Dan Suhu Reaksi

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Fossil fuels that are not environmentally friendly and their presence is
increasingly spurring researchers to produce alternative fuels that are renewable
and environmentally friendly, one of which is biodiesel. The biodiesel synthesis
process is carried out using a transesterification reaction where the catalyst has an
important role in this reaction. The catalyst used in this study was KOH/CaO
catalyst from blood clam shells which was calcined at 900 °C for 5 hours.
KOH/CaO catalyst was synthesized using the sol-gel method with a ratio of KOH
: CKD : ethylene glycol (0,5 ; 1 ; 2 g): 6 g : 12 mL which was calcined at
temperatures of 500, 600 and 700 °C. The catalysts were characterized by SEM.
The morphology of the of 0,5 g KOH/CaO catalyst looks rough, the 1 g
KOH/CaO catalyst looks smoother and the surface of the 2 g KOH/CaO looks
smooth but looks like there are plates attached to the surface of the catalyst. The
basicity of the catalyst KOH/CaO-0,5 g KOH, 1 g KOH/CaO and 2 g KOH/CaO
were 0,8 ; 1,03 and 1,4 (mmol benzoic acid/g), respectively. The basicity of 1 g
KOH/CaO at temperatures of 500, 600 and 700 °C were 0,43 ; 0,66 and 1,03
(mmol benzoic acid/g). The addition of KOH succeeded in increasing the basicity
of the catalyst Synthesis of biodiesel at various times obtained the optimum time
of 3 hours. At 1,2 and 4 hours the biodiesel yield were low, this occurred because
at 1 and 2 hours the reaction time was too fast and at 4 hours there was a reverse
reaction occurred. Biodiesel at various temperatures obtained the optimum
temperature of 60°C, while at temperatures of 50, 55 and 65°C low biodiesel
yields were obtained. This was occurred because at temperatures of 50 and 55°C
the movement of particles was slow and at a temperature of 65 °C methanol which
is the reactant undergoes evaporation. Optimum biodiesel was obtained at the
catalyst KOH/CaO-1g KOH at calcination temperature of 700 °C with the yield of
96,82%. Optimum biodiesel has characteristics such as water content 0,009%
volume, specific gravity 883 kg/m3, viscosity 5,38 mm2/s, carbon residue 0,01 %
mass, acid number 0,42 mgKOH/g, saponification number 225,95 mgKOH/g,
number of iodine 50,44 g-I2/100 g and cetane number 59,10. In general, the
characteristics of biodiesel are in accordance with SNI 7182 2015.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

03 02. 121 (0080)

Penerbit

Pekanbaru : Universitas Riau – FMIPA – Kimia., 2021

Deskripsi Fisik

x, 65 hlm.: ill.: 29 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

03 02. 121 (0080)

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

ELFITRA

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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