Depression is a mental disorder involving mood swings that can be treated using antidepressants. Areca nut extract has potential as an antidepressant drug and has been tested in vivo and in silico. Test results using the Forced Swim Test (FST) method for simultaneous test animals showed that n-hexane extract of old areca nut seeds (ENHPT) 50 mg/kg was the best dose as an antidepressant drug and…
Depression is a mental health disorder that affects behavior and emotions in daily activities over a long period of time. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressant drugs, one of which is fluoxetine, are often used by physicians to manage symptoms of depression. The results of in vivo tests using the forced swim test (FST) method of multiple animal tests simultaneously have s…
Laccase is an enzyme belonging to the multicopper oxidase group, capable of catalyzing various substrates, including phenolic and non-phenolic compounds. Laccase is considered as an ideal "green catalyst" due to its catalytic capabilities, making it widely used in industrial processes. The most commonly applied laccases in biotechnology are mostly derived from fungi. White-rot fungi from the Ba…
Abstract - The limitations of learning tools that are relevant to social issues and science and require students to be active in solving everyday problems that are relevant to chemistry material. By providing SSI-based LKPD as an alternative that is expected to help students connect lessons related to everyday life in society. This study aims to produce SSI-based LKPD on the subject of green ch…
Abstract: The research aims to produce CORE-based E-LKPDs on the subject of hydrocarbons that are valid and feasible to use. The research includes validation and limited trials. This study used a Research and Development (R&D) development research design with the 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) modified 3-D (Define, Design, Develop). The results of validation by material va…
The research is motivated by the divere learning needs of students, there are tudents who have low, medium or high abilities, for that it is necessary to know the abilities of students before starting learning. This study aims to produce a valid diagnostic test and to find out user response to the diagnostic test. This study uses an R&D model with validator and user response to the diagnost…
The aim of this research is to develop an E-Student Worksheet based on Phenomenon-Based Learning on Reaction Rate Material Using the Wizer.me website for Class XI Highschool/MA. The development of this E-Student worksheet was carried out because teachers have not used digital learning media and used the Phenomenon-based Learning model in their learning, especially in reaction rate materials. Th…
Methyl methacrylate is a compound with the molecular formula C5H8O2 which is an ester derivative and a monomer form of acrylic resin. The primary use of MMA monomer is to form polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) homopolymers for the production of cast and extruded acrylic sheets. Methyl methacrylate is made using an oxidation process on isobutylene. This factory is planned to operate for 330 days pe…
Acrylic acid is an important chemical because it is an intermediate of many chemical compounds due to its very wide applications such as household cleaners, disinfectants and other products. Acrylic acid is an organic compound that has a sharp odor and is liquid at room temperature, colorless, flammable and corrosive. An acrylic acid factory from propylene lurgi/nippon kayaku technology with a …
Maleic anhydride is the main ingredient in the production of several chemical products, one of which is unsaturated polyester resins and alkyd resins. Based on its function, maleic anhydride is included in the basic chemical product category. Production of maleic anhydride is estimated to increase rapidly with a value of 3.65 million tons in 2030. Maleic anhydride is produced commercially by ca…
Vinyl chloride is commonly produced as an ingredient for polymers, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The purpose of establishing a vinyl chloride plant is to increase domestic production capacity and build Indonesia's ability to become an exporter. Vinyl chloride is produced through a direct chlorination process with ethane and chlorine as the main raw materials. The process takes place in a…
Metilamina is a chemical used in the production of pesticides, explosives, medicines, and other organic chemicals. In addition, it is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of drugs such as dextroamphetamine and ephedrine, and is used in the chemical industry for dyes, adhesives, and polymer raw materials. Metylamina is formed from the ammonia and methanol amination reaction by t…
Biodiesel is an alternative energy that can replace diesel fuel. The process of making biodiesel in the triglyceride transesterification reaction produces a byproduct called glycerol, which is approximately 10% of the amount of biodiesel produced. Currently, glycerol has not been processed much so it still has a low selling value. Therefore, glycerol processing is necessary in order to convert …
Methylamine can be made synthetically through the reaction between ammonia (NH3) and methanol (CH3OH). One of its main uses is as a raw material in the production of various chemical compounds such as pesticides, explosives, medicines and other organic chemicals. The establishment of the Methylamine factory aims to meet production needs for factories operating in the pharmaceutical, food and he…
Alpha Olefins are linear hydrocarbons with a double bond at the alpha position, such as 1-Butene, 1-Hexene, and 1-Octene. The production of Alpha Olefins is considered a basic chemical product because they are used as raw materials for the production of other chemicals. In Indonesia, Alpha Olefins are used as comonomers for the production of Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) and High-Dens…
The beverages processed at street vendors are those produced through specific processing methods, either with or without other ingredients. These drinks typically use fresh ingredients or raw materials prepared beforehand. This study aims to identify the total bacteria and fungi, as well as to detect contamination by Coliform and E. coli, and to assess the prevalence of E. coli O157 and Vibrio …
Drynaria sparsisora is an epiphytic fern species belonging to the Polypodiaceae family. Several species within this genus have been reported to exhibit anti- inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. This study aimed to isolate secondary metabolites from the chloroform extract of D. sparsisora and evaluate their antifungal activity. The chloroform extract wa…
CaO catalyst impregnated with SiO2 (silica) is a heterogeneous catalyst that is widely used in transesterification reactions for biodiesel synthesis. However, the yield of biodiesel produced is not optimal, due to the small surface area and stability of the catalyst, requiring modification with other types of metal oxides such as Fe₂O₃. Fe₂O₃ has high porosity and stability thus can inc…
Fungi are one of the promising microorganisms for the discovery of new drug candidates as antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds. One of the microorganism that is thought to be used as a producer of new antimicrobials is Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 and LBKURCC38 from the peat soil of the primary forest of the Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve (GSKBB), Riau Province. The metabolomic an…
Infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are still a public health problem in the world. Therefore, the search for sources of bioactive compounds, especially antimicrobials and antioxidants, continues along with the increasing resistance of bacteria to existing antibiotics. One of the fungi isolated from local peat soil in Riau is Penicillium sp. LBKURCC34 and LBKURCC39 which has antimicrobial …