The pulp industry generally uses wood as raw material for pulp making. The limited number of wood raw materials causes a raw material crisis. Indonesia is a rich country of agricultural and plantation products, one of which is pineapple leaves. Pineapple leaves contain 71.5% cellulose content that can be used for pulp making. This research uses semi mechanical soda method. The fixed variable of…
Oil Palm Fronds can be used as alternative energy source by using torrefaction process. Oil Palm Fronds has a calorific value of 15439.39 kJ/kg. The calorific value can be increased by torrefaction. Torrefaction is a pre-treatment process of biomass into solid fuel within temperature range of 200-300 oC in an inert condition. This research aims to produce solid fuel from oil palm fronds and stu…
Curently, various types of catalysts have been investigated for the production of biodiesel from high free fatty acid feedstock. Waste Cooking Oils with high free fatty acid (FFA) can be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Various types of catalysts have been investigated for the production of biodiesel from high FFA feedstock. This research aims to sinthesize ZnO catalyst from ZnC2O4…
Lubricants used to protect engine components from worn-out. Rubber seed oil is an oil that can not be consumed cause toxicthus potentially used as raw material for biolubricants. This research purposes to study the synthesis of biolubricants from rubber seed oil to observe the effect of rasio mol between fatty acid and time of esterification reaction to the yield of the product. The research wa…
Nanomagnetic solid base catalyst synthesized with iron powder nanoparticle to load calcium oxide through impregnation method. The optimum conditions for the manufacture of catalysts investigated. Effect of weight ratio of CaO to iron powder and calcination temperature on the catalytic performance were studied. The catalyst with the highest activity is obtained when the weight ratio of CaO to ir…
Indonesia is one of the oil producing country in the world but is still importing fuel oil (BBM) for meet the fuel needs in various sectors. Therefore, an alternative is needed to meet these needs. Among them is to produce biodiesel from vegetable oil feedstock. One type of vegetable oil that can be used as a raw material is Hura crepitans Linn. This research is aimed to produce biodiesel from …
Objective of this research is to upgrade quality of bio-oil product from biomass of acacia. In this study several parameters were determined such us determine the effect of temperature reaction and ethanol : bio-oil ratio. And then compared physical and chemical characteristic of crude bio-oil (CBO) to upgraded bio-oil (UBO). In upgrading process, mixture of bio-oil and ethanol 36 gram, Ni/clay…
Oily sand and water contaminated with oil is part of the results of exploration and exploitation of petroleum categorized as hazardous and toxic waste (B3), it is necessary to carry out special processing into slurry fluid and injection into disposal wells. The main problem in the injection process is the increase in bottom hole pressure during the injection process which causes well plugging p…
ABSTRACT Energy auditing is one of the steps made in an effort to realize energy saving programs. The energy widely used in the pulp and paper industries is thermal energy (steam) and electrical energy. Pulp drying is one of the processes that many use such energy. The thermal energy used was of low to medium pressurized steam, which used to increase air temperature to dry pulp sheet. Res…
ABSTRACT The increasing demand of pulp in the world requires sufficient availability of raw materials. To fulfill the raw material supply, it can be established through development of industrial plantations [HTI]. Acacia sp and eucalyptus sp are the types of wood that are prioritized for development in industrial plantations because these species are fast growing species, high timber produ…
ABSTRACT Pulp washing is done to separate the pulp with impurities, soda carry over is the amount of sodium pulp carried in the pulp and then out of the rest of the washing process. The amount of sodium that is still contained in the pulp needs to be known because this sodium will affect the amount of bleach used in the bleaching stage. This research was conducted based on the washing fibe…
ABSTRACT Soil respiration is one of the contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the agricultural sector. But the agricultural sector can also reduce the CO2 emissions it produces, one of which is by making biochar from agricultural waste. The addition of biochar to the soil can have a positive impact on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil so as to lowe…
ABSTRACT Used oil is a potential alternative fuel and can reduce the waste of used oil. Used oil utilization has been carried out at The Production Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Riau University on modified diesel engines. The problem is that the resulting emissions still exceed the quality standard at a power load of 2.000 W. In the present work, gas emission…
Abstract: PT. Z is the palm oil processing mill in Pelalawan Regency that utilizes solid waste of palm shells and fiber as boiler fuel. This process will produce particulate emissions, one of which is dustfall which contains Silica (Si) because more than 50% of the constituent elements of boiler are Silica. The purpose of this research is to determine dustfall concentration and the silica c…
ABSTRACT Emulsifier is an oleochemical product that are needed as an emulsion stabilizer in the food industry. The emulsifier most widely used is MDG (Mono-Diglyceride) because it is GRAS (Generally Recognize As Safe). The process of making MDG generally consist of three ways which is esterification of fatty acid with glycerol. Therefore, in this study MDG was synthesized by esterification…
ABSTRACT Sago waste is a lignocellulosic material that can be used as a raw material for making bioethanol. The lignin content in lignocellulose can inhibit the rate of saccharification by blocking access to cellulase enzymes in cellulose. The pretreatment stage is the initial stage of the conversion process of lignocellulose to bioethanol with the aim of reducing lignin levels in lignocel…
This development research aims to develop LKPD based on Introduction, Connection, Application, Reflection, Extencion (ICARE) on the subject of ion equilibrium and pH of a valid saline solution. This research is a development research (R&D) that uses the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) but this research only reaches the Development stage. The research…
The development of a chemistry e-module based on phenomenon-based learning in thermochemistry material is required due to problems observed in multiple schools, including SMAN 2 Tapung Hulu, SMAN 3 Tapung, and SMAN 5 Tapung in Kampar Regency. The problems discovered are students' low critical thinking skills, particularly on thermochemistry material; the availability of innovative, interes…
The development of interactive multimedia by articulate storyline application aims to develop an innovative and independent learning media for 11th grade students at Senior High School (SMA) on Thermochemistry subject matter. This research was designed using Research & Development (R&D) design with Plomp development model. Expert assessments (validation sheets) and user (teachers and students) …
ABSTRACT Greywater is a waste from kitchen, bathroom, and laundry activities that contains high organic matter. The organic matter contained in the wastewater is utilized by the microalgae Chlorella sp. as a source of nutrient and its reduce the pollutant in wastewater. This study aims to count the number cells of Chlorella sp. which grew in suspension and attached to the Kaldness 1 (K1) b…