ABSTRACT Kraft Pulping uses active chemicals to separate cellulose and hemicellulose from lignin and extractive substances. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Sodium Sulfide (Na2S) are the main ingredients in White Liquor which play a role in degrading lignin. The amount of ratio between liquor to raw materials must be known so that lignin can be completely dissolved in the cooking liquid. Kappa Numb…
ABSTRACT Oxygen Plant is a plant that produces oxygen and nitrogen using free air as its raw material. The oxygen gas that will be compressed by the oxygen compressor is obtained from the upper column coldbox with a temperature of 29℃ - 32℃ with a pressure of 0.29 barg then the temperature and pressure will increase, where the pressure is directly proportional to the temperature. The oxyge…
ABSTRACT Effluent Treatment Plant is one of the areas in PT. RAPP is responsible for processing liquid waste which will flow into the Kampar River and sludge which will be distributed to Power Boilers as fuel. The most common sludge treatment system and has been widely used is the Sludge handling Process. This process uses a Flocculation Tank to form flocs by adding polymer to the flocuation b…
ABSTRACT Brine filter is an important component in the brine solution purification process. Brine filters are used to filter the solid particles contained in the brine solution and hold them on the cloth and will accumulate to form cakes. The accumulation of these solid particles will increase the pressure drop in the brine filter and under certain circumstances must be washed. This research w…
ABSTRACT The washing stage is a stage carried out in the pulp manufacturing industry to separate the cooked pulp from the black liquor content originating from the cooking stage in the digester. In the washing stage, there is one step that can reduce the kappa number value still contained in the pulp up to 40-50%, namely the delignification oxygen stage. Oxygen delignification uses oxygen and …
ABSTRACT Chlorate cell is one of the equipment used in the production of sodium chlorate, especially in Chlorine Dioxide Plant 1, Chlorine Dioxide Plant 2, and Chlorine Dioxide Plant 5. This Equipment is used to electrolyze salt into sodium chlorate, where sodium chlorate is needed to produce chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in ClO2 Plant. Using Chlorate cells for a certain period of time can result in…
ABSTRACT Soda losses was the amount of sodium that still in pulp out from system. This sodium come from white liquor that used as cooking liquor in digester plant. Sodium was one of active substance in white liquor soak into pulp to dissolve the other component in wood except cellulose in cooking stage. Sodium and other component that dissolved in cooking liquor will be wash at washing stage. …
ABSTRACT The compressor is a mechanical machine that functions to compress gas fluid or increase air pressure. In industry, the use of compressors is very important, either as a single instrument producing high pressure air or as an integral part of a machine. In compressors, there is a surging phenomenon that must be avoided, surging is an instability phenomenon that occurs when the flow rate…
ABSTRACT A Feeder In An Arduino Uno Based Chicken Coop is useful for maintaining feed using an automatic control system with Arduino Uno as the control. The tool is equipped with an Arduino Uno as a control centrel and receives signals from the RTC sensor, then gives commands to the servo motor according to the time that has been set from the time. When the time condition according to the sett…
ABSTRACT The permeability coefficient is a significant soil parameter in seepage calculations. Permeability is also related to the physical properties of the soil. Of the several soil physical properties, there is one soil physical property that has the most influence on the permeability coefficient. This can be determined by using artificial intelligence which is capable of imitating the huma…
ABSTRACT The coastline of Bengkalis Island has changed in recent years due to high abrasion rates, reaching up to 32.75 m / year. In general, there has been a lot of damage in the form of coastal abrasion and destruction of mangrove forests in the coastal areas of Bengkalis Island. One of the phenomena of peat damage on the north coast of Bengkalis Island that occurs is the bog burst phenomeno…
ABSTRACT Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport experiences an increase in the number of passengers and aircraft movements every year, requiring an evaluation to be carried out at least once in 5 years. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the air side facilities, in this study the air side that is examined is the runway and apron. The purpose of this study is to determine the dime…
ABSTRACT This study aims to identify and calculate the performance of the Screw Press machine based on the Overall Equipment Effectiveness values and to analyze the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and to analyze the maintenance scheduling of the Screw Press machine. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is one of the performance measurement methods for Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) which…
ABSTRACT Racing Camshaft grinding machine is a machine used for modifying or increasing the number of Camshafts. The purpose of developing this design is to make the process of Camshaft manufacturing easier, as the machine grinds the lift according to the desired specifications. The design method used is Quality Function Deployment (QFD). The objective of this research is to design or develop …
ABSTRACT Vertical Take-Off and Landing Fixed Wing (VTOL fixed wing) is a vehicle designed to combine the capabilities of rotary wing vehicle and fixed wing vehicle in one single vehicle platform. The quadplane dual-system is the most popular fixed wing VTOL concept. The development of fixed wing VTOL vehicles that has been carried out has several obstacles including being unstable during the t…
ABSTRACT Industrial textile wastewater contains high levels of dyes, which can disrupt aquatic ecosystems by inhibiting sunlight penetration for photosynthesis activities. Adsorption is a simple method for pollutant removal, where the selection of appropriate adsorbents can result in effective water treatment. Magnetic Chitosan Microspheres (MCM) have been developed as a natural adsorbent (bio…
ABSTRACT Bisphenol-A is an organic component with two phenol functional groups. Bisphenol-A is used to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and resins. This compound is a colorless crystal which in high purity is suitable for producing polycarbonate resins. There are several technologies for producing bisphenol-A that have been developed. Bisphenol-A can be produced by reacting the compounds all…
ABSTRACT Xylitol is a sugar alcohol often used as a sugar substitute, raw material for the chemical industry, and used in the health sector. This causes the need for xylitol as a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry, and supporting materials for the food industry to increase. The increasing need for xylitol in Indonesia causes the import rate to also increase. This final project aims t…
Indonesia has waste that has not been utilized optimally, especially molasses. Molasses contain sugar with levels (50-60%) which can be processed into lactic acid by a fermentation process. Lactic acid is a chemical that is needed in many industries such as the food, beverage, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The main raw materials used in the manufacture of lactic acid with the fermenta…
Abstrack Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N2H4 which is a colorless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Hydrazine is also referred to as Diamine or Diazane or Nitrogen hydride and is a strong base. Hydrazine has not been produced domestically, so it still requires imports from other countries to meet domestic needs. The process chosen in the manufacture of H…