The CaO catalyst derived from blood cockle shells used for biodiesel synthesis has the weakness of a small surface area, so it needs to be modified with a porous material to increase its catalytic activity. One of the porous materials used is SiO2, which comes from areca palm ash. The aim of this research is to synthesize a CaO catalyst modified by SiO2 from areca palm ash using the wet impregn…
The utilization of oil palm fronds as a source of biochar is a step to reduce the waste produced by oil palm plantations. The chemical composition contained in palm fronds such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin can be used as a source of biochar. Palm fronds were converted into biochar through pyrolysis process in N2 gas stream with temperature variation of 500, 600 and 700 °C for 60 minu…
The manganese oxide mineral was an oxidizer which plays an important role in the transformation of various simpler compounds. This mineral was generally mixed with manganese oxide which has a different structure and other metal oxides. Manganese oxide is a term used to describe various types of manganese oxide such as MnO. MnO2O3. Mn3O4. and MnO2. Synthesis ohengf manganese oxide with various s…
Maredan clay is a natural material that potential as a raw material for making zeolite synthesis. Zeolite from Maredan clay was used as an adsorbent to adsorb lead(II) metal. Purpose of experiment to synthesis zeolite from Maredan clay due to high SiO2 and Al2O3 contains. Maredan clay was characterized used XRF to determinethe oxide contain. The method used in zeolit sythesis is alkaline hydrot…
Laccase enzyme is an extracellular enzyme that can catalyze the lignin degradation process, and degradation of textile dyes by oxidation. The advantages of using the laccase enzyme is because the laccase enzyme oxidizes the substrate without H2O2 so this enzyme is more environmentally friendly. This research used laccase enzymes A and B obtained from the fungi Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1. …
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454 is a strain that produces nisin, a group of antimicrobial peptides recognized by the FDA as a safe food preservative. L. lactis ATCC 11454-ldh∆nisRKox is a genetically engineered strain created by knocking out the ldh gene and overexpressing the nisRK genes in L. lactis ATCC 11454, aiming to enhance nisin production. Nisin belongs to the bacteriocin…
High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula (-CH2-CH2-)n. HDPE has slightly opaque characteristics and is transparent and elastic. This chemical has a melting point above 127°C at 1 atm pressure. One of the processes that can be used in synthesizing HDPE is the CX-Mitsui process with Ziegler-Natta catalyst which operates at a pressure of 0.2-0.7 MPa and a…
Ethylene Glycol is a glycol with a simple diol compound. The main raw material used in making ethylene glycol using a direct oxidation process is ethylene. This factory is planned to operate for 330 days per year and work continuously 24 hours/day with a capacity of 200,000 tons/year which will be established in the city of Cilegon, Banten. The company form chosen is a Limited Liability Company…
Azabenzene azine, also known by the name pyridine, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N, featuring a substituted nitrogen atom in the benzene ring. Pyridine is commonly employed as a raw material in the production of pharmaceuticals such as antimicrobial agents, antiviral agents, antidiabetic agents, and anti-inflammatory agents. The demand for pyridine in Indonesia is current…
Pre-design of an ethylene glycol plant from dimethyl oxalate and hydrogen or PT. Glycol Chemicals has a production capacity of 210,000 tons/year with a total production capacity per day for 330 days of 636.3 tons/day. The factory will be established in the Krakatau Industrial Estate Cilegon (KIEC) Industrial Area, Citangkil District, Cilegon City, Banten in 2025. The process used in this factor…
Ethylene Glycol is a chemical substance derived from the ethylene compound with the chemical formula C2H6O2. Ethylene glycol is used as a poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic resin, polyester fiber material for clothing, rubber coatings, fiberglass manufacturing, car engine coolant, and hydraulic brake fluid. The need for ethylene glycol in Indonesia is still met through import activities.…
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic plastic polymer resin from the polyester group. PET is widely produced in the chemical industry and is used in synthetic fibers, beverage bottles and food containers, thermoforming applications, and combined with glass fibers in engineering resins. The main raw materials used are terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. This factory is planned t…
Levulinic acid or 4-oxopentanoic acid is a compound that has ketone and carboxylic acid groups. Levulinic acid itself is widely used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, fuel additives, agricultural products, coating materials, solvents, polymer industry, plastics industry and others. Until now, the need for levulinic acid in Indonesia is still imported from countries such as China, India, Ja…
Until now, approximately 94% of Indonesia's healthcare equipment needs are still fulfilled by imported products. The import value of healthcare equipment in 2017 was approximately Rp20.7 trillion and increased to Rp24.3 trillion in 2018. By 2022, the import value of healthcare equipment in Indonesia reached Rp40 trillion. One of the healthcare devices that is imported is bone implants. The use …
Educational content standards in the realm of abilities require students to be able to demonstrate problem-solving abilities in the concrete and abstract realms related to the development of what they learn at school, as well as being able to use methods in accordance with scientific principles. Chemistry, as a branch of science, has discussions regarding composition, structure, properties, cha…
This research aims to produce SSI-based E-LKM using the flip builder application to increase students' scientific literacy and environmental awareness in chemical thermodynamics material. The method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method, with a 4D model. Data collection techniques use interviews, validation sheets, lecturer and student assessment sheets, scientific literacy test que…
Learning needs to be further optimized considering the many government efforts to increase the competence of teachers and students. For teachers, the existence of PembaTIK is in line with improving students' learning abilities according to the 21st century learning paradigm known as 4C in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 which has made technology the basis of life. Apart from this, in t…
Abstract: This thesis is entitled "Rumah Godang Nan Onam Tribe Kuantan Taluk District Kuantan Singingi Regency (2003-2014)". The purpose of this research is to find out the history of the godang house of the Nan Onam tribe in Kenegerian Taluk Kuantan, to find out the function of the godang house of the Nan Onam tribe for the people of Kenegerian Taluk Kuantan, and what efforts can be made to …
Abstract This study aims to develop an E-LKPD based on Learning Cycle 7E using iSpring Suite 9 on ionic balance material and the pH of class XI SMA/MA equivalent salt solutions. This research uses the design of R&D with 4-D model. Qualitative data were obtained from pre-research interviews with chemistry teachers, in the form of criticism, suggestions, and comments from the validator during pr…
Abstract This research aims to determine the increase in students' learning activities using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model through the Flipped Classroom strategy. The subjects in this research were 36 students in class XI MIPA 3 SMAN 12 Pekanbaru. The type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with four stages, namely planning, implementing actions, observing and re…