ABSTRACK 1,4-Butanediol is a compound with numerous industrial and medical applications. It is used as an organic solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of various types of plastics and synthetic fibers. Additionally, 1,4-butanediol is widely used as an additive in the textile industry. The 1,4-butanediol plant, with a capacity of 30,000 tons per year, is planned to be operational by 2…
ABSTRACT Benzyl Chloride is a chemical with organic components in liquid form and is colorless to yellowish and is also used by industries such as the perfume manufacturing industry, dyes (paint, crayons, etc.), pharmaceuticals and the chemical industry. The manufacture of Benzyl Chloride at this factory uses the Chlorination process. This factory is planned to operate for 330 days per year an…
Carbon from durian peel (Durio zibethinus Murr.) that activated with NaOH has been studied for its ability to be used as adsorbent because of its large surface area and many active sites. This research aims to determine the optimum activator concentration and optimum pH for the adsorption of Rhodamine B. The method used in this research is batch adsorption of Rhodamine B using variations of act…
Tea fluff is one of the residual waste from tea factory processing in the form of solid and incomplete tea leaves and twigs resulting from the sorting of green tea making. Tea fluff itself has various kinds of amino acids, proteins, cellulose, micro elements, tannins and polyphenols which can be used as adsorbents. This research aims to analyze the optimum conditions for making active carbon fr…
ABSTRACT Benzotrichloride is widely used in the synthetic dye industry, organic synthesis, and as an intermediate in the chemical industry (Larranaga, et al. 2016). Benzotrichloride is also used in the manufacture of benzoyl chloride, chlorinated toluene, benzotrifluoride, benzoic acid, and as a color intermediate (EPA, 1986). Not only that, benzotrichloride is also used as an ingredient in …
ABSTRACT Aniline is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H7N, which is included in aromatic compounds in the current industrial era, aniline has an important role and is widely used as an isocyanates producing material, rubber making chemicals, and pesticide making materials. The main raw materials used in the manufacture of aniline by the Dupont/Kellog Brown and Root process are n…
Manganese oxide material is a compound that is currently developing, this is because it has a variety of applications. Manganese oxide compounds that are widely known are bright green MnO solids, Mn3O4, Mn2O3 and MnO2 which are black and these oxides are found naturally in nature are MnO2, Mn2O3, Mn3O4 and MnO. Manganese oxide synthesis can be done by solid state, hydrothermal, microwave irradi…
Hydrazone is an organic compound that has an azomethine group –NHN=CH- which has various biological activities, one of which is as an anticancer agent. The hydrazone compound (E)-2-((E)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyinaphtalene-1- yl)allylidene)-N-phenylhydrazine carbothioamide has been succesfully synthesized through condensation reaction of the chalcone (6) with 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide…
Penicillium sp. LBKURCC27 is an isolate that can be used to produce orange pigment. The resulting color pigments can color silk and cotton fabrics well. This research aims to explore the potential of local isolates of Penicillium sp. LBKURCC27 as a source of natural orange pigment with variations in urea concentration as a nitrogen source for pigment production and cell growth. The research was…
Skin is an organ that covers the entire outer surface of the human body and plays an important role as a protector. The skin can experience damage caused by free radicals from ultra violet (UV) rays, namely skin cancer and hyperpigmentation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies to find alternative compounds from natural ingredients that have the potential to act as antioxidants and i…
Research conducted by Gaol et al., (2023) had shown that Penicillium sp. LBKURCC27 was able to produce an orange pigment in potato dextrose broth (PDB) media with a pH of 5.5. As one step to increase the level of production of extracellular pigments and intracellular pigments by Penicillium sp. LBKURCC27, this research had two aims. The first aim was to determine the optimal amount of inoculum…
Antimicrobials are substances that can inhibit or kill the growth of pathogenic microbes. Pathogenic microorganisms are microorganisms that can cause disease in other organisms. Antimicrobials include antibacterial and antifungal. Antibacterials are substances that can inhibit the growth of bacteria and can kill pathogenic bacteria, while antifungals are substances that can inhibit and kill pat…
Depression was a psychological disorder with treatment effort carried out through antidepressant theraphy. One of natural ingredient that was reported to have potential as an antidepressant is areca nut which has been tested in vivo using the FST (Forced Swim Test) method with multiple simultaneous animal tests. In vivo test results showed that EMPM (Methanol Extract of Young Pinang Seeds) at a…
The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used in this research were LAB isolates from the traditional food Pekasam from Kuantan Singingi Regency which was processed by fermentation. These bacteria have the potential to produce secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial activity. This study aims to test the antimicrobial activity of LAB against 5 different groups of pathogenic bacteria and the aflatoxi…
The need for benzyl chloride in Indonesia reaches 950368 kg/year. Currently there is no factory that produces benzyl chloride so Indonesia imports it from abroad such as China. Benzyl chloride can be formed through the chlorination process. In the chlorination process, toluene is reacted with chlorine and produces benzyl chloride with high purity. In the chlorination process, the reaction occur…
Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) is a colorless and odorless liquid, relatively volatile with low viscosity. Ethylene glycol is used mainly as an antifreeze in automobile radiators and as a raw material for the manufacture of polyester fibers, in addition to that as an auxiliary material in the latex industry and a coolant in compressors. The process of making ethylene glycol is carried out by reacting…
Butanediol is a bifunctional alcohol widely used in various industrial and medical applications. In the industry, butanediol is used as an organic solvent and as an intermediate in the manufacturing of several types of plastics and synthetic fibers. The butanediol plant is planned to be operational in 2030. To meet the demand for butanediol, a plant with a capacity of 30,000 tons per year is de…
Sodium Lignosulfonate is a type of surfactant widely used in the industry due to its ability to reduce surface and interface tension,as an emulsion system stabilizert and as a good despering agent. The manufacture of Sodium Lignosulfonate at this factory uses the Sulfonation process. This factory is planned to operate for 330 days per year and work continuously 24 hours/day with a capacity of 2…
Isopropyl alcohol (C3H7OH) is a colorless, volatile and flammable liquid. Isopropyl alcohol has various uses, both as a final product and intermediate. Some examples of isopropyl alcohol as a final product are: as a solvent, the manufacture of chemicals in agriculture, additives in medicines, and antiseptic ingredients. As an intermediate product, isopropyl alcohol is used for the production of…
Methanol (methyl alcohol) is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic light alcoholic odor with the molecular formula CH3OH. Methanol acts as a basic chemical which is widely used in various industries as an intermediate compound which is a raw material for various industries. The main raw materials used in making methanol are coal and oxygen. Coal gasification technology is…