Laccase enzyme (E.C1.10.3.2: oxygen oxidoreductase) is a multi-copper enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation process of various types of organic and inorganic compounds such as mono, di- and polyphenol compounds, aminophenols, methoxyphenols, substituted phenols, diamines, aromatic amines and ascorbic acid. Laccase is an oxidoreductase enzyme produced by various organisms, primarily fungi. This re…
Silica Catalyst (SiO2) is a heterogeneous catalyst that can be used in producing diesel precursors through hydroxyalkylation-alkylation (HAA) reactions. Silica (SiO2) as a catalyst material has a high surface area, good chemical and thermal stability, but lacks better adsorption capacity and catalytic activity, hence the addition of sulfate groups is necessary. The addition of sulfate functiona…
Papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) of the California variety are waste containing secondary metabolites which are thought to have potential as antioxidants and inhibitors of the α-amylase enzyme. Therefore, in this study, the antioxidant and α-amylase capabilities of California papaya varieties were determined. California papaya seeds, both fresh and dried, were extracted with three solvents, na…
Carica papaya Linn var. Bangkok adalah tumbuhan genus Carica yang beberapa bagian dari tumbuhan ini antara lain akar, daun, batang, buah, biji buah memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh. Biji pepaya diduga memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai senyawa antioksidan dan inhibitor α-amilase, oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini ditentukan kemampuan antioksidan dan inhibitor …
Monstera deliciosa Liebm is a tropical plant belonging to the Araceae family which originates from tropical rainforests in Central America. M. Deliciosa contains secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and phenolics which have quite good anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. This research aims to isolate and characterize alkaloid compounds …
Papaya seed (Carica papaya) is a plant material derived from the papaya fruit that is not maximally utilised and becomes waste that is not used by the community. Papaya seeds have active components in the form of proteins that can act as coagulant agents. This study aims to prepare, characterise and determine the effectiveness of the effect of particle size and solvent concentration on papaya s…
The synthesis of biodiesel using a CaO-SiO₂ catalyst derived from blood clam shells (CaO) and palm kernel shell fly ash (SiO₂) has been conducted. The results obtained thus far are not yet optimal, as the surface area and catalytic activity remain low. To enhance the surface area of the catalyst, the addition of metal oxides, such as Fe₂O₃, is necessary. ............................
The CaO-SiO2 catalyst is a type of heterogeneous catalyst widely used in biodiesel production. Modifying the CaO-SiO2 catalyst by adding Fe2O3 can enhance its catalytic activity, surface area, and increase the number of active sites, resulting in a higher biodiesel yield. The aim of this study was to synthesize the CaO-SiO2/Fe2O3 catalyst from blood clam shells, coconut husks, and Fe2O3 powder …
The mango seed contains active components, such as proteins, which can act as coagulant agents (biocoagulants). This study aims to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the effectiveness of mango seed as a biocoagulant for the removal of color, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) in peat water. Mango seed biocoagulants were prepared using dry grinding (PK) an…
Heterogeneous base catalysts are commonly used as substitutes for homogeneous catalysts in the transesterification reaction for biodiesel synthesis, with CaO being a prominent example. CaO can be obtained from blood clam shells through calcination at temperatures above 700℃. However, CaO catalyst has a relatively low surface area, necessitating modifications, such as the addition of Fe2O3, to…
Street-vended beverages are drinks prepared and sold by street vendors in crowded public areas, such as markets and streets, intended for immediate consumption without further processing. This study aimed to assess the microbiological safety of street-vended beverages sold by vendors in Pekanbaru City. Samples were collected from seven districts, yielding a total of 16 beverage samples. Microbi…
Carbon dots from fluff tea are one of the adsorbents that can be used to remove colorants from water. Fluff tea is a waste product from tea processing factories, consisting of whole and broken tea leaves and branches resulting from green tea production. Fluff tea contains amino acids, proteins, cellulose, microelements, tannins, and polyphenols that can be utilized as adsorbents. This research …
The potential for discovering new antibiotic alternatives through the exploration of local microbes from Riau as a source of bioactive compounds is significant. However, isolating active compounds using a guided assay approach presents challenges due to the limited amount of extract and the low yield obtained from microbial fermentation. To address these challenges, it is crucial to optimize fe…
Asplenium nidus, commonly known as bird's nest fern, belongs to the Aspleniaceae family. This fern typically grows in both lowland and highland areas, characterized by a single leaf and a rosette-shaped group of leaves, and it cannot tolerate direct sunlight. This study aims to isolate and characterize compounds from the chloroform extract of A. nidus and evaluate its antifungal activity using …
Infections caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to improper use of antibiotics leading to bacterial resistance. Therefore, new antibacterial agents are needed, and one continuously developed source is plants. One potential herbal plant is lampeni (Ardisia humilis Vahl) from the Primulaceae family and Ardisia genus, with several species repo…
The global energy sector is still dominated by the use of non-renewable fossil fuels, encouraging various countries to switch to renewable energy sources such as biodiesel. Crude palm oil (CPO) as a biodiesel raw material contains high levels of Free Fatty Acids (FFA), which can reduce the quality of biodiesel if only using CaO catalysts. Therefore, an acid catalyst such as silica gel is needed…
Chemistry is one of the subjects that has abstract material characteristics and is related to everyday life. Chemistry learning requires interesting learning, fosters creativity, student innovation, and is not monotonous. Teaching materials play a very important role in the learning process because they function as a tool to con-vey information to students. Therefore, it is essential to use hig…
The agro-industrial waste from tea stems can be utilized as a source of activated carbon, as it contains 43.45% carbon bound in organic compounds such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This approach can help reduce waste and mitigate negative environmental impacts. The cellulose in tea stems is converted through carbonization and activation into a porous carbon structure, which is effect…
Research has been conducted with the purpose of identifying the partial and simultaneous influence of discipline learn and self-confidence on student learning achievement in class X chemistry subjects at MA Darul Hikmah Pekanbaru. The kind of research adopted is survey research with quantitative approach. The research was conducted at MA Darul Hikmah Pekanbaru in the even semester of 2023/2024 …
Electronic Student Worksheets (E-LKPD) include teaching materials that are intensively developed to facilitate their learning process. One website with many features that can be utilized to create E-LKPD is Liveworksheets. This study aims to develop an E-LKPD based on the Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) model on the subject of acid-base that is valid and knows the user…