Biodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Its quality is highly influenced by the composition of its fatty acids, which include saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). A high PUFA content can reduce the oxidative stability of biodiesel and accelerate degradation d…
In Indonesia, the incidence of bone fractures in 2018 reached approximately nine million cases, with various types and causes. Hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂ or HAp) is one of the bioceramics commonly used in biomedical applications due to its biocompatible and osteoconductive properties, allowing it to integrate well with bone. This study aims to determine the time required for…
Palm Kernel Expeller (PKE), a by-product of palm oil milling, is a lignocellulosic biomass with high potential as a renewable energy source. However, the direct pyrolysis of PKE often yields bio-oil with poor fuel properties due to its high oxygen content, necessitating catalytic upgrading strategies. This study aims to optimize the yield and energy quality of bio-oil derived from the catalyti…
The depletion of fossil energy sources and their environmental impacts have encouraged the use of renewable energy based on biomass. Acacia crassicarpa bark is a lignocellulosic waste from the forestry industry with significant potential as a feedstock for bio-oil production through pyrolysis. This study aims to optimize the bio-oil yield from the pyrolysis of A. crassicarpa bark using a NiMo/N…
Indonesia has great potential for renewable energy development, including biomass, which can be utilized as an alternative energy source. Bagasse, an abundant agricultural waste, is one type of biomass that has not been optimally utilized. Through the pyrolysis process, bagasse can be converted into high-value products such as bio-oil, biochar, and gas. This study aims to determine the optimum …
Noodles are one of the most popular processed food products due to their practicality, affordability, and ease of preparation. However, conventional noodles are primarily made from wheat flour, which is low in dietary fiber and micronutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more nutritious noodle formulations by utilizing local ingredients such as sago flour and bok choy (pakcoy) vegetab…
Development and research related to the utilization of biomass is currently motivated by the depletion of the main fuel source reserves derived from fossils. The limited fossil energy sources lead to the need for renewable energy development and energy conservation called green energy development. Biomass utilization is one of the strategic issues in renewable energy development. In Indonesia, …